Salts and derivatives

II II, 1st 1920 152-194 Carboxylic Acids Salts and Derivatives. Formic acid, 8. Acetic acid, 96. 

Salts and Derivatives. Generally the vitamers are high melting crystalline soHds that are very soluble in water and insoluble in most other solvents. Properties of the common forms are Hsted in Table 1. The only commercially important form of vitamin B is pytidoxine hydrochloride (7). This odorless crystalline soHd is composed of colorless platelets melting at 204—206°C (with decomposition). In bulk, it appears white and has a density of - 0.4 kg/L. It is very soluble in water (ca 0.22 kg/L at 20°C), soluble in propylene glycol, slightly soluble in acetone and alcohol (ca 0.014 kg/L), and insoluble in most lipophilic solvents. A 10% water solution shows a pH of 3.2. Both the hydrochloride and corresponding free base sublime without decomposition (16). 

Rathsburg (Ref 5) patented some expl salts and derivatives of phenylcarboxytetrazole, which he called phenyl tetrazole-carboxylic acid, for use in detonators and percussion caps Refs 1) Beil 26, 560 2) J.A. Bladin, Ber 18,... 

Fluorosulfuric Acid, Its Salts, and Derivatives Albert W. Jache... 

Pharmacology The methyixanthines (theophylline, its soluble salts and derivatives) directly relax the smooth muscle of the bronchi and pulmonary blood vessels, stimulate the CNS, induce diuresis, increase gastric acid secretion, reduce lower esophageal sphincter pressure, and inhibit uterine contractions. Theophylline is also a central respiratory stimulant. Aminophylline has a potent effect on diaphragmatic contractility in healthy people and may then be capable of reducing fatigability and thereby improve contractility in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease. Pharmacokinetics ... 

Anhydrous hydrazine was first prepd in 1894 by Lobry de Bruyn, but its salts and derivs were prepd beginning in 1875 by Emil Fischer, who coined the name hydrazin . The hydrazine hydrate was first prepd by Th. Curtius in 1887 (Ref 14a, p 1)... 

Hydrazine forms numerous salts and derivatives, some of which are expl or used as ingredients of expls or for their prepn. Several of them are described below Refs 1) V. Meyer M.T. Lecco, ChemBer 16, 2976 (1883) 2)Th.Curtius H. Franzen, ChemBer 35, 323S> (1902) 3) F. Raschig, ZAngewChem 20, 2065-2067 (1907) 4) F. Raschig, ChemZtg 31, 926 (1907) 5) F. 

Co, Inc, NY, Cyanamid s Chemical Digest, Vol IV, "The Chemistry of Guanidine" (1950) (Preparation, properties, methods of analysis, uses and toxicity of guanidine, its salts and derivatives, 456 refs) 6) CondChemDicr (1961), 553-L 7) L.E, Craig St J.T. Minor,... 

Kobayashi et al. (3) developed unique sulfate salts and derivatives as photoacid generators, (VI), for use in resist compositions and patterning processes. 

Many poorly soluble drugs can be made more water soluble by modifying their chemistry, such as introducing by a hydrophilic group on the molecule. Salts and derivates of poorly soluble drugs are widely used, and modification requires a careful selection because different salts and... 

Addnl Refs on Aminotriazoles and Their Derivatives a)J.Reilly P.J+Drumm,JCS 1926,1729-37[Prepn and props of aminopropyi -1,2,4-triazoles and their salts and derivs. One of the derivs described in this tsaner is... 

Five-membered Rings Imidazoles, Oxazoles, Thiazoles, Dithiolium Salts and Derivatives 568... 

Sometimes called diazotetrazoles. Here, usually only 5-azotetrazole, its salts and derivatives are of ordn interest as primary or initiator expls. Two different molecular structures exist which are identified by this nomenclature ... 

Rathsburg (Ref 3) suggested the use of the Acid s salts and derivatives in detonators and percussion caps... 

N N.OH mw 192.18 N 29.16%. Reported only in the form of its salts and derivatives, some of them being expl ... 

Addnl Refs on Aminotriazoles and Their Derivatives a)J.Reilly P.J.Drumm.JCS 1926,1729—37[Prepn and props of aminopropyi -1,2,4-triazoles and their salts and derivs. One of the derivs described in this paper is expl. See also diazo-5-isopropyl-asym(l,2,4)-triazole, under D s] b)O.Dimroth W. Michaelis,Ann 459,39-46(1927) CA 22,423 (1928) (Discussion on intramolecular rearrangement of 5-anunc-1,2,3-trlazole derivative RaHN-C-NR -N R HN.C-NRl-N... 

Ammonia and some of its salts and derivatives are used as fertilizers. Ammonia also is a very important building block for many other chemical commodities as shown in Figure 2.2. 

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