As-received basis

Maine Energy Recovery Co. (computed on an as-received basis). Unless otherwise noted. 

Coal analyses are reported on severalbases, and it is customaiy to select the basis best suited to the application. The as-received basis represents the weight percentage of each constituent in the sample as received in the laboratoiy. The sample itself may be coal as fired, as mined, or as prepared for a particular use. The moisture-free (diy) basis is generally the most useful basis because performance calculations can be easily corrected for the ac tual moisture content at the point of use. The dry, ash-free basis is frequently used to approximate... 

The relationships between specific heat and water content and between specific heat and ash content are hnear. Given the specific heat on a dry, ash-free basis, it can be corrected to an as-received basis. The specific heat and enthalpy of coal to 1366 K (2000°F) are given in Coal Conversion Systems Technical Data Book (part lA, U.S. Dept, of Energy, 1984). 

TABLE 27-3 Fischer-Assay Yields from Various Ranks of Coal (As-Received Basis)... 

If weighing and grinding, which require as much time and labor as the actual analyses, could be eliminated and the samples analyzed on an as-received basis, one technician could be omitted. However, the accuracy would be decreased owing to the combined effects of greater matrix errors, no diluent, and nonuniform particle size. In some instances such a sacrifice in accuracy might be warranted by a gain in economy and rapidity of analysis. 

H.L. Stalcup (Ref 28) evaluated the instru- -ment for the particle size determination of HMX used in rocket formulations. He found that Coulter Counter distribution was similar to that obtained with the Micromerograph except at the large particle end, where the Micromerograph indicated particles over lOOp compared to 32 p for the Coulter Counter. Median values were 13.5p by Micromerograph and 16 p for the Coulter Counter. The samples for the Coulter Counter were run on an as received basis, ie, while still water-isopropanol wet ... 

Note Soil samples may be dried and crushed ahead of time. If not, you may report the results on an as received basis. 

Pitch Coke and Petroleum Coke Pitch coke is made from coal-tar pitch, and petroleum coke is made from petroleum residues from petroleum refining. Pitch coke has about 1.0 percent volatile matter, 1.0 percent ash, and less than 0.5 percent sulfur on the as-received basis. There are two kinds of petroleum coke delayed coke and fluid coke. Delayed coke is produced by heating a gas oil or heavier feedstock to... 

Coal Blend No. A 500-lb. Oven Stability B As-Received Basis A-B C Corrected for Oxidation A-C... 

Moisture and ash (Chapter 3) are not determined as a part of the data presented for ultimate analysis but must be determined so that the analytical values obtained can be converted to comparable bases other than that of the analysis sample. In other words, analytical values may need to be converted to an as-received basis, a dry basis, or a dry, ash-free basis. When suitable corrections are made for any carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur derived from the inorganic material, and for conversion of ash to mineral matter, the ultimate analysis represents the elemental composition of the organic material in coal in terms of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. 

The calorific value is normally the basic item specified in contracts for coal to be used in steam plants. It is the most important value determined for coal that is to be used for heating purposes. In coal contracts, the calorific value is usually specified on the as-received basis. Any error in the moisture value is reflected in the as-received calorific value. 

Total moisture all of the moisture in and on a consignment or sample of coal commonly determined by quantitatively air drying a sample and then assaying residual moisture in the air-dried sample thus, total moisture is the sum of the air-dry loss and the residual moisture adjusted to an as-received basis (ASTM D-2961 ASTM D-3302). 

As-received basis analytical data calculated to the moisture condition of the sample as it arrived at the laboratory, before processing or conditioning (ASTM D-3180). 

The sulfur content of U.S. coals varies considerably but are most commonly within the range of 0.5 to 5% total sulfur. A coal is classified as low-sulfur, medium-sulfur, or high-sulfur on the basis of its total sulfur content (on an as-received basis) of 1% or less, more than 1% and less than 3%, and 3% or more, respectively (1). The Keystone Coal Industrial Manual (2) is a general reference describing the coal seams and coal quality of each coal-producing state. 

The results of the proximate and ultimate analysis of Rasa coal appear in Table I. The results of the forms of sulfur analysis and carbon aromaticity are also included in Table I. The total sulfur on an as-received basis was 10.77 weight percent, and includes 0.02 weight percent sulfate, 0.30 weight percent pyrite, and 10.45 weight percent organic sulfur. Organic sulfur is calculated as the difference... 

The eastern Oklahoma coals were obtained from the Oklahoma Geological Survey Organic Petrography Laboratory where they had been crushed to -20 mesh and analysed on an as received basis (Table I). The whole, crushed coals were extracted for 48 hours with a 1 1 (v/v) mixture of chloroform/methanol using a soxhlet apparatus. Exhaustive extraction ensures that soluble compounds are removed and that the compounds produced during pyrolysis are derived from the organic matrix of the coal. 

ASTM ANALYSIS (as received basis) Coal 1 Coal 2 Coal 3... 

Analytical results (Table 1) show that SRC have very high volatile matter and nitrogen contents (52-60% and 1.8-1.9%, respectively, on a dry-ash-free basis) and very low moisture and ash contents (0.1-0.3%, as-received basis in each case). The Higher Heating Values for the SRC (15,920-16,115 Btu/lb, dry-ash-free basis) are much higher than those of reference coals (13,290 and 14,110 Btu/lb for the WSB and KHB coals, respectively). 

The lignite samples from Carlos, Texas have heating values of 4000 to 6000 Btu/lb on an as-received basis or about 12000 Btu/lb on dry mineral-matter-free (dmmf) basis. The samples may... 

YIELD OF PYROLYTIC WATER, WT. / OF COAL (AS RECEIVED BASIS)... 

The corrected ultimate analysis shows 5.6% hydrogen on the as-received basis. 

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