ASTM analysis

Testfor C through C liydrocarbons in theMtmosphere by Gas Chromatography, ASTM Analysis D2820-72, Vol. 26. 

Asthmatic bronchitis, effect on heart, 5 107 ASTM analysis methods, 10 508. See also American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)... 

Two solvent processes in use—namely, the wax fractionation process (62) and the wax manufacturing process (61)—have been described. These processes are capable of consistently producing high yields of waxes of very low oil content from a full range of charge stocks. The crystalline waxes produced by the wax manufacturing process show oil contents by ASTM analysis that are below 0.3%, and the process is stated to be highly economical in the use of solvent. 

ASTM ANALYSIS (as received basis) Coal 1 Coal 2 Coal 3... 

Coal Source By ASTM Analysis From Peak Weight Loss Increase Factor... 

A good way to gain lasting enmity in the lab is to submit an unweathered, unstabilized naphtha sample for ASTM distillation. To weather off such a sample, one should obtain a full quart sample of the unstabilized naphtha and drop a few small pebbles into the bottle. These will act as boiling stones. Place the bottle in a warm, well-ventilated area for a few hours. Leave a thermometer in the bottle. When no more bubbles evolve and the bottle has warmed to room temperature, measure the volume percent evaporated and submit the sample to the lab. Also check the temperature to make sure the sample has not autorefrigerated. If the bubbles have stopped but the sample is cold, gently stir the contents of the bottle. When the ASTM analysis is received from the lab, do not forget to correct for the volume weathered off. 

This analysis, abbreviated as FIA for Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption, is standardized as ASTM D 1319 and AFNOR M 07-024. It is limited to fractions whose final boiling points are lower than 315°C, i.e., applicable to gasolines and kerosenes. We mention it here because it is still the generally accepted method for the determination of olefins. 

It is noteworthy, however, that traces of sulfur can have beneficial effects on the anti-wear resistance of fuel injection pumps. It is thus undesirable to reduce the sulfur content to extremely low values unless additives having lubricating qualities are added. Independently from total sulfur content, the presence of mercaptans that are particularly aggressive towards certain metal or synthetic parts is strictly controlled. The mercaptan content is thereby limited to 0.002% (20 ppm) maximum. The analysis is performed chemically in accordance to the NF M 07-022 or ASTM D 3227 procedures. 

Mercaptan sulfur NF M 07-022 ISO 3012 ASTM D 3227 Silver nitrate analysis... 

Saponification (number) NFT60-110 ISO 6293 ASTM D 94 Reaction with potash and analysis of excess... 

Sulfur/propane NFM 41-009 ASTM D 2784 Combustion in lamp and analysis of sulfur oxides formed... 

Total sulfur NF EN 24260 ISO 4260 ASTM D 2785 Combustion in Wickbold burner and analysis... 

Total sulfur NF M 07-025 ASTM D 1552 Combustion at high temperature (induction furnace) and analysis... 

Total sulfur NF T 60-109 ASTM D 129 Oxidation in pressurized bomb and gravimetric analysis... 

Vanadium content NF M 07-027 ASTM D 1548 Dissolving ash in acid and colorimetric analysis... 

Scully J R, Silverman D C and Kendig M W (eds) 1993 Electrochemical Impedance—Analysis and Interpretation (Philadelphia ASTM)... 

Analysis of refined germanium products is done in a wide variety of ways, including several methods that have become ASTM standards (47). Electronic-grade Ge02 is analyzed using an emission spectrograph to determine its spectrographic purity. Its volatile content is measured in accord with ASTM F5 and its bulk density with F6. Other ASTM standards cover the preparation of a metal biHet from a sample of the oxide (F27), and the determination of the conductivity type (F42) and resistivity (F43) of the biHet. 

ASTM E1050-90 also makes use of a tube with a test specimen at one end and a loudspeaker at the other end, but iastead of a single movable microphone there are two microphones at fixed locations ia the tube. The signals from these microphones are processed by a digital frequency analysis system which calculates the standing wave pattern and the normal iacidence sound-absorption coefficients. 

Analysis. Analyses of a number of lignitic coals are given in Table 3. Figure 1, a distribution plot of 300 U.S. coals according to ASTM classification by rank, indicates the broad range of fixed carbon values (18). According to the ASTM classification, fixed carbon for both lignite and subbituminous coals has an upper limit of 69%, but in practice this value rarely exceeds 61%. 

Referee Methods. The American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) has collected a series of standard referee methods for the analysis of magnesium and its alloys (78). These methods are accurate over a larger range of concentration than the production methods, but are time consuming ia thek apphcation. The methods are based on potentiometric titration, photometric methods, or gravimetric methods. The photometric methods are most common and are relatively straightforward. 

Standard Test Methods For Chemical Analysis of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys, ASTM E-35 to 88, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pa., 1992. 

Analysis Cmde coal tar Petroleum ASTM refined" ... 

The hberated iodine, as the complex triiodide ion, may be titrated with standard thiosulfate solution. A general iodometric assay method for organic peroxides has been pubUshed (253). Some peroxyesters may be determined by ferric ion-catalyzed iodometric analysis or by cupric ion catalysis. The latter has become an ASTM Standard procedure (254). Other reducing agents are ferrous, titanous, chromous, staimous, and arsenite ions triphenylphosphine diphenyl sulfide and triphenjiarsine (255,256). 

ASTM Standard E 475-84, "Standard Test Method for Assay of Di-fetf-Butyl Peroxide by Gas Chromatographic Analysis," in Ref. 253. 

The most important general test methods are issued as ASTM Test Methods and are periodically updated by the Polyurethane Raw Materials Analysis Committee (PURMAC) of the Society for the Plastics Industry (SPI). PURMAC has collected all pertinent analytical methods in a manual (271). 

The predorninant method for the analysis of alurninum-base alloys is spark source emission spectroscopy. SoHd metal samples are sparked direcdy, simultaneously eroding the metal surface, vaporizing the metal, and exciting the atomic vapor to emit light ia proportion to the amount of material present. Standard spark emission analytical techniques are described in ASTM ElOl, E607, E1251 and E716 (36). A wide variety of weU-characterized soHd reference materials are available from major aluminum producers for instmment caUbration. 

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