Bacterial activity

Additional discussions are available in the General References concerning the properties of several nitrofiirans. This includes further coverage of the chemotherapeutic and physical properties antimicrobial activity bacterial resistance absorption, distribution, and excretion clinical use and safety studies, of this interesting class of antiinfective compounds. 

The way that the aldehyde requirement was discovered by Cormier and Strehler is extraordinary and noteworthy. First, they found that a boiled bacterial extract stimulated luminescence when it was added to a weakly luminescing NADH-activated bacterial extract. They thought that the stimulation was due to certain substances associated with the cell debris existing in the extract. Thus, they tested the extracts of various animal tissues in the hope of finding a substance that would... 

The experiments with deuterium-labeled nitrosamines illustrate two important points. One is that oxidation of nitrosamines takes place at more than one position in the molecule, and the outcome of the balance of such competing reactions probably is the determinant of carcinogenic potency. The second is that the reason for the failure of carcinogenesis to be mirrored in many cases by the microsomally activated bacterial mutagenicity is that there can be several metabolic steps leading to formation of the proximate carcinogenic agent and not all of these need necessarily involve microsomal enzymes. ... 

Since anaerobic azo dye reduction is an oxidation-reduction reaction, a liable electron donor is essential to achieve effective color removal rates. It is known that most of the bond reductions occurred during active bacterial growth [48], Therefore, anaerobic azo dye reduction is extremely depended on the type of primary electron donor. It was reported that ethanol, glucose, H2/CO2, and formate are effective electron donors contrarily, acetate and other volatile fatty acids are normally known as poor electron donors [42, 49, 50]. So far, because of the substrate itself or the microorganisms involved, with some primary substrates better color removal rates have been obtained, but with others no effective decolorization have been observed [31]. Electron donor concentration is also important to achieve... 

Dafale N, Wate S, Meshram S et al (2008) Kinetic study approach of remazol black-B use for the development of two-stage anoxic-oxic reactor for decolorization/biodegradation of azo dyes by activated bacterial consortium. J Hazard Mater 159 319-328... 

Girvan MS, Bulhmore J, Pretty JN, Osborn AM, Ball AS (2003) Soil type is the primary determinant of the composition of the total and active bacterial communities in arable soils. Appl Environ Microbiol 69 1800-1809... 

Clinical Use. Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG, TheraCys, others) is an active bacterial strain that can be administered systemically as a vaccine against tuberculosis. This agent may also stimulate immune function and can be administered locally within the bladder (intravesicularfy) to treat certain forms of superficial bladder cancer.66... 

Yang M, Proctor MR, Bolam DN et al (2005) Probing the breadth of macrolide glycosyltransferases in vitro remodeling of a polyketide antibiotic creates active bacterial uptake and enhances potency. J Am Chem Soc 127 9336-9337... 

Fabiano, M., and R. Danovaro. 1998. Enzymatic activity, bacterial distribution, and organic matter composition in sediments of the Ross Sea (Antarctica). Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64 3838-3845. 

Van Omman Kloeke, F., and G. G. Geesey. 1999. Localization and identification of populations of phosphatase-active bacterial cells associated with activated sludge floes. Microbial Ecology 38 201-214. 

CGD patients receive daily prophylaxis of bacterial infections with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In patients with active bacterial infections, initial... 

Note Instead of the Glycine Buffer, some enzyme preparations may require the use of 0.01 M pH 8.0 Tris Buffer prepared as directed for Tris Buffer under Proteolytic Activity, Bacterial (PC), except to titrate with 1 N hydrochloric acid to pH 8.0. 

Alpha-Amylase Activity (Bacterial), 789 Alpha-Amylase Activity (Nonbacterial), 790... 

Lipase (Microbial) Activity for Medium- and Long-Chain Fatty Acids, (S3)105 Lysozyme Activity, (S3)106 Maltogenic Amylase Activity, 804 Milk-Clotting Activity, 805 Pancreatin Activity, 805 Pepsin Activity, 807 Phospholipase A2 Activity, 808 Phytase Activity, 808 Plant Proteolytic Activity, 810 Proteolytic Activity, Bacterial (PC), 811 Proteolytic Activity, Fungal (HUT), 812 Proteolytic Activity, Fungal (SAP), 813 Pullulanase Activity, 814 Trypsin Activity, 814 Enzyme Assays, 786 Enzyme-Hydrolyzed (Source) Protein,... 

The UASB type of digester consists of a bottom layer of packed sludge, a sludge blanket, and an upper liquid layer. Wastewater flows upward through a sludge bed that is covered by a floating blanket of active bacterial floes. Settler screens separate the sludge floes from the treated water, and gas is... 

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