Anti-bacterial activity

Apart from ethanol, other primary alcohols catalyse the formation of the dichloro complex, probably via a rhodium(I) intermediate rather than a rhodium(III) hydride. Rhpy4X2" compounds have anti-bacterial activity. 

The compound Au(dmamp)(02CMe)2 (dmamp = 2-Me2NC6H4) displays some anti-tumour activity and is undergoing tests on its anti-bacterial activity [200]. 

KAWAMURA J and TAKEO T (1989) Anti-bacterial activity of tea catechin to Streptococcus mutans , Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi, 36, 463-7. 

R. Moreira, T. Calheiros, J. Cabrita, E. Mendes, M. Pimentel, J. Iley, Acyloxymethyl as a Drug Protecting Group. Part 3. Tertiary O-Amidomethyl Esters of Penicillin G Chemical Hydrolysis and Anti-Bacterial Activity , Pharm. Res. 1996, 13, 70-75. 

Compound 10 was evaluated for anti-bacterial activity and acetylchohnesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities. This compound was foimd to be inactive in antibacterial assay and exhibited AChE inhibitory activity with an ICj, value of 67 pM. Acetylcholine serves as a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous system. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stops the function of acetylcholine by its... 

Coprinus micaceus is abrmdant in the prairie region of Canada and is an edible mushroom. The methanohc extract of C. micaceus exhibited anti-bacterial activity against A. faecalis, S. aureus, Corynebacterium xerosis and E. coli at the concentration of 250 pg/ml in a preliminary anti-bacterial screening assay. A chromatographic fractionation of methanohc extract of this mushroom subsequently resulted in the isolation of a new bioactive sterol, micaceol (12). 

Isoniazid (INH) is a synthetic derivative of isonico-tinic acid. It has bactericidal activity against both intra- and extra-cellular mycobacteria. It also displays anti-bacterial activity in caseous lesions, but only in proliferating cells. Losing genes which code for catalase and peroxidase is the major mechanism through which resistance occurs. Single mutations can rapidly result in such resistance if isoniazid is used alone. Its mechanism of action is presumably based on inhibition of the synthesis of mycolic acids, unique and essential components of the mycobacterial cell wall. 

HV030 Perez, C., and C. Anesini. In vitro anti-bacterial activity of Argentine folk medicinal plants against Salmonella HV040 typhi. J Ethnopharmacol 1994 44(1) ... 

The diterpenoids of Isodon (Labiatae) species have been reviewed. The presence of an a-methylenecyclopentanone moiety in these diterpenoids is important for their anti-tumour and anti-bacterial activity. " Inflexin (79) is a cytotoxin and insect antifeedant which has been isolated from Isodon inflexus. Isodomedin (80) is another member of this series, isolated from /. shikokianus, which shows this type of biological activity. Its structure was assigned on the basis of its H and C n.m.r. spectra and on an interrelationship with kamebanin (81), isolated from /. kameba. 

Benzoic acid has got antifungal and anti-bacterial activity and used in combination with salicylic acid (Whitfield s ointment). Salicylic acid by its keratolytic action helps to remove the infected tissue and promotes the penetration of benzoic acid into the lesion. 

We also screened anti-MRSA flavonoids [115] in the course of the study of anti-Helicobacter pylori flavonoids from licorice described in Chapter X. In our screening (Table 6), glabrene (24), licoisoflavone B (67), and gancaonin I (126) also exhibited anti-MRSA effect. Among these compounds, 23, 24, 27, 59, 61, 62, 63, 67, and 126 exhibited relatively high anti-bacterial activities against B. subtilis (HI7), Table 7. 

Chantson JT, Varga Falzacappa MV, Crovella S, Metzler-Nolte N (2006) Solid phase synthesis, characterisation and anti-bacterial activity of metallocene-peptide bioconjugates. ChemMedChem 1 1268-1274... 

In fact, the above-described results were encouraging enough to warrant a preliminary investigation of the in vitro photodynamic anti-viral and anti-bacterial activity of the cadmium texaphyrins [94]. In addition, they also provided the impetus for several in vitro cell localization experiments [94]. The anti-viral studies were carried out using herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) in 50% hiunan serum... 

Tphe presence of the ketovinyl groups has been implicated in the anti-bacterial activity of a number of substances (I), both natural and synthetic (1—7). An example is penicillic acid which exists mainly in the cyclic form (I) whereas, at higher pH, the anion of the chain form (II) occurs (6, 8). Addition to or loss of the reactive double-bond in these compounds markedly reduces their activity (I, 6, 7). The bacteriostatic... 

Deshmukh MB, Salunkhe SM, Patil DR, Anbhule PV (2009) A novel and efficient one step synthesis of 2-amino-5-cyano-6-hydroxy-4-aryl pyrimidines and their anti-bacterial activity. Eur J Med Chem 44 2651-2654... 

S. J. Park and Y. S. Jang, Effect of micropore filling by silver and anti-bacterial activity of activated carbon fiber surfoces treated with AgN03, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem. 13 (2002) pp. 1-7. 

The bisbibenzyls marchantin C (813), neomarchantin A and B as well as GBB A and GBB B (295 and 296) were also tested for their anti-bacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, and the former three showed moderate activity, whereas GBB A and GBB B (295 and 296) were non-active [148]. 

The anti-bacterial activity of the penicillins stimulated a major search for other antibiotics. Many compounds were isolated from amongst the metabolites of Streptomycetes obtained from soil. These included therapeutically useful antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, the tetracyclines, erythromycin and streptomycin. Several fungi yielded useful compounds. One of these was Cephalosporium acremonium. A biologically-active strain was obtained by Brotzu from a sewage outfall near Cagliari in Sardinia in 1945 and described in 1946. The p-lactam cephalosporin C (1.23) was isolated from this organism in 1954 and its structure determined in 1961 by Abraham and Newton. 

Despite its anti-bacterial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, gliotoxin was too toxic to be developed as an antibiotic. 

Inamori Y, Ohno Y, Nishihata S et al. (1990). Phytogrowth-inhibitory and anti-bacterial activities of 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane and its derivatives. Chem Pharm Bull, 38, 243-245. 

Bioactive proteins from natural product extracts have been isolated based on a broad spectrum of potentially useful characteristics, including anti-cancer, anti-fungal, anti-viral and anti-bacterial activities [8]. These proteins possess a wide variety of structural and functional motifs, but can be grouped into particular classes based on similarities in their three-dimensional structural or primary amino acid sequence. Recently, many reviews have been pubhshed which closely examine defined groups of these proteins, including defen-sins [9], ribosome-inactivating proteins [10], cyclotides [11], and antimicrobial peptides from food proteins [12]. 

The most commonly reported biological activity for proteins derived from natural products is anti-bacterial activity. It appears as if every living organism has developed some mechanism by which to prevent infection by or direct competition with bacteria, including other bacteria. One such... 

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