Wheat effects

Daniel, C. and Triboi, E. 2000. Effects of temperature and nitrogen nutrition on the grain composition of winter wheat Effects of gliadin content and composition. J Cereal Sci 32(1) 45-56. 

Adalsteinsson S (1994) Compensatory root growth in winter wheat - effects of copper exposure on root geometry and nutrient distribution. J Plant Nutr 17 1501-1512. 

P. Tosi, A. Giovangrossi, R. D Ovidio, F. Bekes, O. Larroque, J. Napier, and P. Shewry, Modification of the low molecular weight (LMW) glutenin composition of transgenic durum wheat effects on glutenin polymer size and gluten functionality. Mol. Breed. 16(2), 113-126 (2005). 

Fibers and Fiber Sources. Fibers are present ia varyiag amounts ia food iagredients and are also added separately (see Dietary fiber). Some fibers, including beet pulp, apple pomace, citms pulp, wheat bran, com bran, and celluloses are added to improve droppiags (feces) form by providing a matrix that absorbs water. Some calorie-controUed foods iaclude fibers, such as peanut hulls, to provide gastroiatestinal bulk and reduce food iatake. Peanut hulls normally have a high level of aflatoxias. They must be assayed for aflatoxia and levels restricted to prevent food rejection and undesirable effects of mycotoxias. 

On ornamental plants CCC is appHed to a2aleas, geraniums, and hibiscus (Hibiscus sp] to make compact plants, and to poinsettias to reduce stem height and increase the red color of the bracts. A considerable amount of work has been carried out on cereals with CCC to reduce stem length and inhibit lodging. In Europe, the effect of CCC on shortening the culms of cereals is dependent upon the genotype. It has been demonstrated that the effect is as follows wheat > triticale > durum wheat > rye > oats > barley > corn = millet = rice (37). In barley, culms are initially inhibited but later the plant overcomes the inhibition (37). This has been attributed to poor assimilation, translocation, and rapid breakdown in wheat (38). 

Up to Harvest. Oilseed rape and field beans are used as break crops for winter wheat on a variety of soils, and potatoes are used on the lighter soils. Sugar beet may also be grown, but this depends not only on the soil but also on the proximity of a sugar beet processing factor. Four Rothamsted-based experiments compared the effectiveness of winter wheat and winter oilseed rape in their use of labelled nitrogen fertilizer. Potatoes were included in two of these experiments and sugar beet and field beans in one experiment each. Two criteria based on the... 

After Flarvest. How do the memory effects shown by the other crops compare with those of winter wheat Winter wheat did not show a memory effect after one year, but oilseed rape does seem to do so. Researchers of the Agricultural Development and Advisory Service found that nitrate production by microbes in the soil after a rape crop increased with the amount of fertilizer given to the crop (R. Sylvester-Bradley, personal communication). One reason may lie in this crop s habit of shedding its leaves as harvest approaches, which means that the microbes in the soil get early access to these residues. This habit might contribute to the apparently smaller efficiency of this crop in using nitrogen fertilizer. The crop may be just as efficient as winter wheat at taking up the fertilizer but drops... 

There is a voluminous literature, chiefly of botanical interest, dealing with the effects of the application of colchicine to plants of economic importance such as tobacco, cotton,wheat and rice. ... 

In a study of the effect of nutrition on reproduction in the rat in the 1920s, Herbert Evans and Katherine Bishop found that rats failed to reproduce on a diet of rancid lard, unless lettuce or whole wheat was added to the diet. The essential factor was traced to a vitamin in the wheat germ oil. Named vitamin E by Evans (using the next available letter following on the discovery of vita-... 

The toxin is less effective on oats and wheat and does not have the specificity reported for the toxin from Hehmnthosporium vic-toriae for oats. A metabolite isolated from another strain of H. sativum in Japan by Tamura et al. (15) has a marked elongation effect on the shoots of rice seedlings. The structure of this metabolite is closely related to that described here. 

To promote the use of poor quality water for irrigation, a field research study was conducted in three semi-arid regions with water scarceness in Syria in order to define, under field conditions, the wheat yield response function to irrigation water salinity, the effect of soil texture and structural characteristics on the irrigation water salinity threshold, and to compare this value with the conventional threshold value. 

Table 5.15 Relative signal responses from various injection volumes for the LC-MS-MS analysis of a wheat forage matrix sample. Reprinted from J. Chromatogr., A, 907, Choi, B. K., Hercules, D. M. and Gusev, A. L, Effect of liquid chromatography separation of complex matrices on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry signal suppression , 337-342, Copyright (2001), with permission from Elsevier Science...

Table 5.16 LC-MS-MS signal responses" obtained from wheat forage matrix samples using various mobile-phase additives (injection volumes of 50 p,l). From Choi, B. K., Hercules, D. M. and Gusev, A. I., LC-MS/MS signal suppression effects in the analysis of pesticides in complex environmental matrices , Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 369, 370-377, Table 2, 2001. Springer-Verlag GmbH Co. KG. Reproduced with permission...

Fig. 6. Effect of the degree of chitin acetylation (%) on the interaction between chitin and chitin-specific wheat POs (A) (U/ mg protein) (Maksimov et al., 2005) (B) PAAG after lEF of PO fractions from wheat roots (a) not bound to high-acetylated (b) and low-acetylated chitosan (c) (Khairullin et al., 2000). Designations (1) 12% (2) 23% (3) 37% (4) 45% (5) 65%.

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