Peanut hull

Hull-like Aromatic characteristic of grain hulls. Peanut or sunflower hulls... 

Different seeds vary considerably in the readiness with which they fall out of their hulls. Peanuts, for example, are loose in the hull and separate easily. Cottonseed kernels or meats adhere more tightly to the hull consequently, the hulls are passed through a hull beater to detach small meat particles after the first separation of hulls from the meats. For cottonseed, the following separations are commonly carried out separation of large meat particles from hulls and uncut seed by screening (15) separation of hulls from uncut seed by an air lift (16) separation of small meat particles from hulls by beating and screening (17) and separation of hull particles from meats by air (18). 

Miller and Bums (1971) Peanut hulls Peanuts harvested, shelled, (internal colour) and sorted subjectively into mature or immatiwe categories NM Peanut hull halves directly on narrow beam sensor port Narrow/NM Porcelain coloured tile I Rd =, a, b... 

Products and Uses Its purpose is to kill fungus on food products. Used for beef, carrots, goat, horse, lamb, peanut hulls, peanuts, pecans, pork, potatoes, and sugar beet roots. 

Fibers and Fiber Sources. Fibers are present ia varyiag amounts ia food iagredients and are also added separately (see Dietary fiber). Some fibers, including beet pulp, apple pomace, citms pulp, wheat bran, com bran, and celluloses are added to improve droppiags (feces) form by providing a matrix that absorbs water. Some calorie-controUed foods iaclude fibers, such as peanut hulls, to provide gastroiatestinal bulk and reduce food iatake. Peanut hulls normally have a high level of aflatoxias. They must be assayed for aflatoxia and levels restricted to prevent food rejection and undesirable effects of mycotoxias. 

G. T. Forrest. Drilling, completion, and workover fluid comprising ground peanut hulls. Patent EP 873379,1998. 

Almond (nutmeat and hulls), ginned cottonseed, grape, peanut (vines, hay, nutmeat and hulls), soybean (forage, hay and seed), sugarcane, water, and soil Gas-chromatographic determination... 

Peanut Butter Cookies, Three types of peanut butter cookies, control, high protein (30% bean protein concentrate substitute for flour) and high fiber (20% bean hulls substituted for flour) prepared at Michigan State University bakery were evaluated for their physical characteristics (Table 2),... 

Table II, Quality characteristics of peanut butter cookies prepared with navy bean hull (20%) and protein (30%) substitutions for wheat flour.

The proximate analyses of many types of by-products used in livestock feed (e.g. brewers grains, coffee grounds, olive cake, peanut hulls, wood pulp) together with digestibility and energy values are given by Boer and Bickel... 

Among the dopes used may be cited the following combustibles colophony (used by Nobel in his Dynamites of 1869 1873) (Vol 3 of Encycl, p C403R) wood-meal, woodpulp and sawdust in Grisounite and in some Amer Dynamites cork,charcoal (in "Carbodynamite , described in Ref 60, p C52-L) naphthalene (in Rheinischdynamit) and cotton or other forms of cellulose (in "Forcites ). Less frequently have been used peat moss, ivoty nut meal, unbaked com flakes, starch, pulverised peanut hull, pulverized cottonseed hulls and sunflower seed shells... 

For the preparation of the peanut skin tannin, the red skins were separated from residual nut and hull material by hand sorting, and then about 30 lb of skins were extracted with acetone-water (60 40 v/v) at a liquor-to-skins ratio of 5 to 1 at 50 °C for 4 hr in a stainless steel tank. The extract was filtered through a fiberglass mat, the acetone was removed under vacuum on a rotary evaporator, and the aqueous solution was freeze-dried. 

Peanuts. When the kernels are fully developed and taking on a mature color, the plants are dug mechanically, shaken to remove the soil, and inverted into windrows to dry (cure) and mature completely. Ideally, the peanuts are left to cure for several days until the moisture content drops to ca 10%. They are harvested mechanically. Green harvesting is practiced under adverse weather conditions, yielding peanuts with 18—25% moisture artificial drying reduces the moisture to ca 10%. After the moisture is equilibrated between the kernels and hulls, the former contain 7—8% moisture, which is safe for storage. 

The hull of the peanut is low in crude protein and exhibits low digestibility. This has limited the utilization of this by-product, although use as a source of roughage for ruminants has been reported (69). Physical and chemical treatments of the hulls have been applied to promote digestibility, with little success (69,70). Hulls are generally considered waste products. 

Certain oilseed processors use byproducts of production as alternative fuels, which is particularly true in sunflower and peanut processing where hulls are burned as boiler fuel. This creates additional combustion challenges, but reduces solid waste. 

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