Washing machine example

The origins of the household appliance industry date back to the early decades of the last century, when simple tasks were transferred to household appliances. For example, in an early washing machine of the thirties, the water inlet and outlet as well as water motion and heating were controlled, while all other functions required were carried out manually. Refrigerators only provided the cooling power or the low temperature. In the forties of the last century, the first vacuum cleaners came on the market. 

The European consumption of appliances is in the range of several million units per year, for example up to 50 million units per year for washing machines or refrigerators, as shown in Fig. 2.2 [2],... 

The various examples discussed have shown that electronics play their part in all basic functions of state-of-the-art washing machines and that it would be difficult to imagine a future without them. Above all, electronic control is crucial if washing machines are to be operated economically. Fig. 3.15 gives a final summary of the most important points. 

PP/EPDM-V absorbs little water and is not very sensitive to it. Moreover, hydrolysis-resistant grades are marketed and used, for example, in washing machines. 

Enhanced levels of chlorinated compounds have been observed indoors due to human activity as well. For example, increased levels of perchloroethylene have been observed from unvented dry-cleaning units (e.g., Moschandreas and O Dea, 1995) and volatilization of chlorinated organics such as chloroform from treated tap water can occur (e.g., McKone, 1987). Other sources include the use of household products. For example, chloroform emissions have been observed from washing machines when bleach containing hypochlorite was used (Shepherd et al., 1996). It is interesting that emissions of organics associated with the use of washing machines are decreased when the machine is operated with clothes inside (Howard and Corsi, 1998). 

If allowed to accumulate, it can lead to blockages in pipes, washing machines, dishwashers, and shower heads. In Nature, we can see more dramatic examples of calcium deposits, such as stalactites and stalagmites. Calcium can also react with other chemicals, such as surfactants, to form insoluble salts that give rise to precipitates ( scum ) deposits. 

Polystyrene capacitors have exceptionally low tan S values (< 10 q, making them well suited for frequency-selective circuits in telecommunications equipment. Polymer capacitors are widely used for power-factor correction in fluorescent lighting units, and in start/run circuitry for medium-type electric motors used in washing machines, tumble-dryers and copying machines for example. They are also used in filter circuits to suppress radio frequencies transmitted along main leads. Such interference noise may originate from mechanical switches, furnace controllers and switch mode power supplies it not only spoils radio and television reception but can also cause serious faults in data-processing and computer equipment. 

When detergent molecules find themselves in water, they tend to associate with each other. A good example of this association is seen in the bubbles that slosh around in the washing machine while you re doing laundry. The bubbles consist of very thin layers of detergent (plus some water) in which the molecules are packed side by side. The spherical shape of the bubbles is due to a physical force called surface tension, which acts to reduce the area of the bubble to the smallest area able to accommodate the detergent. If you take the molecules from a cell membrane, purify them away from all the other components of a cell, and dissolve them in water, they will often pack together into a spherical, enclosed shape. 

Sometimes undesirable odors arise during or after a product s use The wet laundry odor in washing machines or the hot hair scent generated by hair driers are typical examples. In personal deodorants and air fresheners, diaper products and toilet cleaners, masking external odors is a primary reason for the products very existence. 

In our stylized clothes-cleaning example, the outcome dimension of time to clean is a Condition 1 opportunity—customers find it very important but are largely dissatisfied. The dimension called complexity is a Condition 2 opportunity—customers are satisfied with current washing options and could even accept fewer choices or washing modes. Finally, the dimension of wrinkles is a Condition 3 example—customers don t expect that clothes could come out of their washing machines free of wrinkles, so if you can provide this, you will wow them. 

Examples of product innovation include Sanyo s introduction of washing machines that don t use detergent, Apple s iPhone, and Procter Gamble s Whitestrips. Service examples are Progressive Insurance s on-site claim adjustments, self-service check-ins at hotels and airlines, Skype, and Facebook. 

Equipment failure is another cause of electrical shock. Some examples include leakage in washing machines, electrical irons, water pumps, broken energized power lines, grinding, and drilling machines. The equipment must he grounded with three wire cables. 

An impactor can crush the muscle tissues or any part of the human anatomy. Sometimes two rotating objects can cause crushing of body parts when they are moving toward each other. Common examples include meshing gears, belts running over pulleys, cables on drums, chains on sprockets, rollers on manual type washing machines, and rolls on rubber mills or paper calendars. 

The duration and temperature conditions of automatic washing machine cycles must also be taken into account during the selection of detergent enzymes. These can vary widely from region to region. For example, in Europe, laundry cycles can be more than an hour at temperatures reaching as high as 90°... 

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