VINYL ETHER COPOLYMER

PFA Tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl (usually propyl) vinyl ether copolymers ... 

Tetrafluoroethylene-Perfluoro(propyl vinyl ether) Copolymers (PFA)... 

Tetrafluoroethylene-(TFE)-perfluoropropyl vinyl ether copolymers, 7 641 Tetrafluoroethylene-perfluorovinyl ether, 48 329-339. See also Teflon PFA copolymerization of, 48 330—331 Tetrafluoroethylene-perfluorodioxole copolymers, 48 339—342. See also Teflon AF copolymers applications of, 48 342 economic aspects of, 48 341—342 health and safety factors related to, 48 342 monomer preparation, 48 339 synthesis of, 48 339-340 Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) copolymerization with... 

Crosslinking of amine- or hydroxy-terminated PAMAM dendrimers using cyclic anhydride - amine or cyclic anhydride - hydroxy addition reactions was employed for preparation of crosslinked thin films of very low permeability [73], Polyanhydrides, such as maleic anhydride-methyl vinyl ether copolymers, were used as crosslinking components. In the case of amine-terminated PAMAM, crosslinking and chemical stability were further increased by imidization of the maleamic acid groups retro-Michael eliminations were followed by Michael additions to further crosslink the film. 

TFE copolymerization [FLUORINE COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC - TET RAFLU OROETHYLENE-PERFLU ORO VINYL ETHER COPOLYMERS] (Vol 11) Perfluorosebacic acid [307-78-8]... 

PFA tetrafluoroethylene-pertluorof propyl vinyl ether) copolymers... 

A laser beam was used for graft polymerization of AAc onto a tetrafluo-roethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer film [81]. The film placed in contact with AAc solution was irradiated with KrF laser through the film to excite the film/solution interface. Surface composition of the grafted film determined by XPS revealed an extensive loss of fluorine atom and an increase of oxygen atom in addition to the presence of a Cls line shape, similar to that of AAc monomer. Mirzadeh et al. [82] used pulsed laser beam for the graft polymerization of AAm on a rubber surface in the presence of a photosensitizer, ben-zophenone, or AIBN. 

Poly(isobutylene-Woc/c- -caprolactone) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-Woc/c-styrene) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-Woc/c-isobutyl vinyl ether) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-Woc/c-a-methylstyrene) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-block-methyl vinyl ether) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-b/oc/c-methyl methacrylate) copolymer... 

The subject of C11 I /vinyl ether copolymers is covered in detail by T. Takarura, in Modern Fluoropolymers (Schiers, J., Ed.), John Wiley Sons, New York, 1997, Chapter 29, pp. 557-564. 

Recently, we found that a new class of solid acid catalyst, a Nafion resin/silica nanocomposite effectively catalyzes the Pechmann reaction (65). Nafion resin is a tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro-2-(fluorosulfonylethoxy)propyl vinyl ether copolymer and can be made more suitable for organic catalysis. In the novel nanocomposites of Nafion resin, the nanometer-sized Nafion particles are entrapped within a porous silica matrix. These materials combine the excellent solid-acid... 

Poly(vinyl alcohol) is utilized as a component of starch-based adhesives.11121114 Other patents report the use of partially oxidized starch,1115 dextrins,1116 dextrins and urea,1117 borax,1118 boric acid,1119 and vinyl methyl ether-maleic acid copolymers.1120 Other patents indicate the use of poly (vinyl alcohol) with partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetate),1121 nonhy-drolyzed poly(vinyl acetate),1122 and poly(vinyl chloride).1123 A few patents have reported such poly acrylic additives as poly (acrylic acid)1124 and its salts,1125 poly(acrylamide),1126 1127 A-methylacrylamide or poly(A-acryl-amide),1128 and polyethyleneimine.1129 Polystyrene has also been used,1130 as well as more complex copolymers such as a maleic acid monobutyl ester-methyl vinyl ether copolymer, together with dextrin and polyacrylamide),1131 carboxylated ethyl acrylate-styrene zinc salt copolymer,1132 ethylene-methyl acrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer,1133 vinyl acetate-vinyl pyr-rolidone copolymer,1134 and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.1135 Some adhesives are compounded with SBR latex1136 1138 and phenol-formaldehyde resins.1139... 

Aten, R.M., Melt-fabricable tetrafluoroethylene/fluorinated vinyl ether copolymer prepared by suspension polymerization, U.S. Patent 7,247,690 (July 24, 2007) to E.L du Pont de Nemours and Co. 

Finally the results recently reported by DUBIN and Strauss are certainly worth mentioning, Potentiometric titration of alternating copolymers of maleic anhydride and n-butyl ether indicates that there occurs a conformational transition which is not exhibited by a copolymer of maleic anhydride and ethyl vinyl ether (Fig. 7). The anomalous behavior of the butyl copol3mier is clearly cormected with the establishment of hydrophobic interactions among the butyl groups. Dubin and Strauss conclude that the maleic anhydride and n-butyl vinyl ether copolymer is hypercoiled in dilute aqueous solution. These authors also point out that the behavior of the latter copolymer is identical with that previously found for highly charged polysoaps. 

Osmometry has been applied to a variety of copolymer systems such as vinyl-chloride-vinyl acetate (67, 68), acrylonitrile vinyl-ether copolymers (69) styrene-acrylonitrile (70), styrene-maleic anhydride (71) and for a series of styrene copolymers (72). 

Carlson, D.P. Heat stable tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) copolymers US Patent 4,599,386, Assigned to DuPont Co., July 8, 1986. 

Figure 1. 1SC NMR Spectrum of hydrolyzed maleic anhydride-vinyl ether copolymer in D,0 at...

Figure 2. Size exclusion chromatography of methyl esters of maleic anhydride-vinyl ether copolymers. Key NSC46015, broad and MVE-2, narrow MW distribution.

There are a number of other polymers in this family including polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene/vi-nylidene fluoride terpolymers, and chlorotrifluo-roethylene/vinyl ether copolymers. 

Phase Separation in Solutions of Maleic Acid—Alkyl Vinyl Ether Copolymers... 

In studies on hydrophobic interactions and conformational transitions of selected hydrolyzed maleic anhydride-alkyl vinyl ether copolymers (I, 2), we found that under certain conditions neutralization by base caused phase separation in aqueous solutions of the hexyl and octyl copolymers. Both the hexyl and octyl copolymers are insoluble at low pH and require partial neutralization by a base for complete dissolution. Under certain conditions, these copolymers will again precipitate as their degree of neutralization is raised with more base. Insolubility at low pH has been reported for other polyacids (3, 4). However, the phase separation at high pH contradicts the wealth of data indicating that neutralization increases the water affinity of polyacids. 

PE/Other Commodity Polymer Blends PE s are frequently used as impact modifiers for a variety of other thermoplastics. For example, addition of either PE, CPE, or CSR to PVC improved its moldability, stability, impact strength and chemical resistance [Matsuda et al, I960]. Blends of PO/PVAl were developed to improve the antistatic properties [Minekawa et al, 1969]. LDPE was blended with poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEOX) for improved adhesion, e.g., to PET [Hoenig et al, 1984]. Blends of PE, PP, PS or their copolymers with ethylene-fluorinated vinyl ether copolymer... 

The concept of hydrophobe modification of water-soluble polymers may have arisen from the hydrophobic half-esters of maleic anhydride-methyl vinyl ether copolymers, which were commercially available products in the 1960s (i). Replacement of the methyl vinyl ether with styrene produced more stable copolymers in general (2), but hydrophobes attached through the ester... 

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