Will It Be So Again

For those interested in such things, the quotations in the chapter headings are taken from Rudyard Kipling (Tommy Atkins, Danegeld), Herbert Read (Beata I Alma), Winston S. Churchill, Edmund Blunden (Report on Experience), Dame Edith Sitwell (Still Falls the Rain T e Raids 1940, Night and Dawn), I.V. Lenin (attrib.), W.H. Auden (In Memory of W.B. Yeats), Cecil Day Lewis (Will it be so again ). 

How the product will be used by the patient or the customer—Here again our industry is so diverse that we must indicate that the limits calculated should take into account the nature of the customer. Is the customer another company that uses the product, which may be a chemical, to make another intermediate, or is the customer the patient who actually takes the product in the form of a finished pharmaceutical dosage form Is the product a sterile product and do we need to consider bacteria as a potential contaminant or is the product a nonsterile product in which bacterial contamination may be a lesser issue If the product is a finished pharmaceutical dosage form, will it be used intravenously, orally, ophthalmically, topically, rectally, vaginally, or by other means ... 

The element of free-will, spontaneity, individuality, so omnipresent, so essential, yet so unreasonable and so inconsistent with the other element not less omnipresent and not less essential, I mean necessity—this element of free-will which comes from the unseen kingdom within which the writs of our thoughts run not, must be carried down to the most tenuous atoms, whose action is supposed most purely chemical and mechanical it can never be held as absolutely eliminated, for if it be so held there is no getting it back again, and that it exists even in the lowest forms of life cannot be disputed. Its existence is one of the proofs of the existence of an unseen world, and a means whereby we know the little that we know at all. 

Many of these reactions have been studied before in the section on NaOa and so will not be discussed again here. In excess NO, the rate becomes nearly first-order over most of the decomposition with a rate constant which is itself a function of the total pressure. NO2 is an inhibitor for the decomposition, and in consequence the reaction in the absence of added NO shows a steady fall in apparent first-order rate constant with continuing decomposition. In this respect the nitrates and nitrites all seem to have in common the feature that the pyrolysis products inhibit the rate of decomposition. Tliis is to be expected in systems decomposing via radical mechanisms when the products of the reaction include such efficient radical traps as NO and NO2. It is unfortunate that quantitative data on these systems are at present so sparse and in many cases disparate. This is to be expected for systems that are so complex and show such sensitivity to surface reactions. The free radical chemistry of these systems is, however, a very interesting and important one, and efforts to elucidate it will eventually turn out to be quite rewarding. 

Now there s a new song about El Salvador and It s the battle all over again on a different field, but it will always be so, until and unless. Now, in the 80 s, I don t get really angry anymore. I am more warrior than angry protester, and that s a much better way to be. 

In most controllers, the derivative mode operates on the output rather than on the error. Ordinarily, this presents no problem. But upon startup, or following gross set-point changes, the measurement will be outside the proportional band, causing the output to saturate. If derivative operates on the output, which is steady, rather than on the changing input, it is disabled. Derivative will suddenly be activated again when the measurement reenters the band. So if overshoot is to be avoided upon startup, the band must be wide enough to activate the derivative before the primary variable crosses the set point. The band will have to be at least as wide as that shown in Fig. 1.22 ... 

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