Vinyl ester laminate properties

Table 3.20 Typical properties of modified vinyl ester laminates ...

Tacky tape is a butyl-based vacuum bag sealant giving high elasticity and tenacity. It has exceptional sealant properties, eliminating the risk of imperfect seals often fi>und in the initial phases of vacuum bag application, so improving the vacuum efficiency and reducing labor. It is suitable for polyester, vinyl ester, and epoxy laminating systems. 

Tough, versatile, bisphenol-A epoxy based vinyl ester resins dissolved in styrene offering outstanding mechanical properties and excellent resistance to cracking, crazing, chemicals and heat, for use in hand-lay, spray/projection lamination, filament winding and pultrusion. Available in standard and low monomer... 

Another comparative study analyzed the effect of different curing strategies on the composite properties, when samples made of same amounts of woven glass fabric and an epoxy-vinyl ester (Derakane 510A— brominated bisphenol A-based vinyl ester) were single-sided UV-cured in the presence of 2 % bisacylphosphine oxide (BAPO) as photoinitiator, or thermally cured in the presence of 1.2 % benzoyl peroxide (BPO) [191]. Data obtained for flexural strength indicated the laminates had comparable characteristics and the procedure may be subjected to further optimization [192]. 

Ramli, J., Jeefferie, A.R., Mahat, M.M. Effects of UV curing exposure time to the mechanical and physical properties of the epoxy and vinyl ester fiber glass laminates composites. ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci. 6, 104—109 (2011)... 

Chem. Descrip. Vinyl-toluene/butadiene emulsion copolymer Uses Film-former for solv.-based traffic paints, block fillers, paper coatings, adhesives, laminates, printing inks, hot melts, abrasion-resist, coatings, masonry and concrete paints, waterproof coatings Features Produces films with clarity, str., hardness and chem. resist. Properties Sol. in aromatic soivs., aliphatic blends, chlorinated HC, esters, ketones sp.gr. 1.026 dens. 8.56 Ib/gal ref. index 1.57 hardness (Sward) 20 (24 h) dissip. factor 0.0010 (100 Hz) dielec, const. 2.58 (100 Hz) vol. resist. 6.97 xIO ohm-cm Pliolite VTAC [Goodyear]... 

There are many types of waterborne laminating adhesives with widely differing applications and performance properties. Common waterborne textile adhesives include natural rubber latex, co-polymers of acrylic esters and acids, vinyl and vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, and chloroprene. Other, less common adhesives include starches, dextrin, and other polymers of natural origin. Characteristics of common waterborne adhesive used by the textile industry are given in Table 13.11. 

Of this family of products, triaryl phosphates (TAP) and alkyl diaryl phosphates (ADP) are the two important categories of FR plasticizers for PVC. Trialkyl phosphates are considered too volatile for most vinyl processes, and are more commonly found in other applications, such as leveling agents or antifoam additives. In vinyl, TAP and ADP plasticizers are used to flame-retard thin films and laminates for articles such as wall covering, tarpaulins (transportation), and vinyl-coated furniture fabric. Another major application area is in vinyl for electrical insulation in wire and cable. In addition to these applications, phosphate esters are used as functional fluids for hydraulic equipment (metal industries, power generation, and aircraft hydraulic systems) and as additives in formulated lubricant systems. As flexible vinyl composites are usually defined by their additives, when formulated correctly, phosphate esters can help produce a very cost-efficient vinyl composite capable of very low smoke and flammabihty. In nearly all markets, phosphate esters are valued primarily for their FR properties, and the distinction from function and plasticization is sometimes obscured. 

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