Bisacylphosphine oxide

K. Diediker and co-workers, "Novel High Performance Bisacylphosphine Oxide (BAPO) Photoinitiators," paper presented at RjadTech 94, Orlando, Florida, May 1—5,1994. 

Mono- and bisacylphosphine oxides 4 and 5 (Chart 7) are efficient photoinitiators for radical polymerizations. Their phofochemistry was studied by H-, C-, and P-CIDNP spectroscopy. The primary step is the breaking of the bond between the carbonyl group and phosphorous in a triplet state for the bisacylphosphine oxides, a stepwise cleavage occurs. 

DUR 03] Dursun C., Degrimenci M., Yagci Y. et al, Free radical promoted cationic polymerization by using bisacylphosphine oxide photoinitiators ... 

IKE 08] Ikemura K., Ichizawa K., Yoshida M. et al, UV-VIS spectra and photoinitiation behaviors of acylphosphine oxide and bisacylphosphine oxide derivatives in unfilled, light-cured dental resins , Dental Materials Journal, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 765-774, 2008. 

Additional improvements on the degree of conversion of the adhesive systems were observed with new and less hydrophobic initiators of polymerization. Camphorquinone and aromatic amines are the most commonly used photoinitiator systems for light-activated dental resins, but they can be excessively hydrophobic making it difficult to activate the more hydrophilic monomers at the adhesive systems. The addition of alternative initiators such as 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione (PPD), 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide (Lucerin-TPO) and bisacylphosphine oxide (BAPO) improve resin polymerization within hydrophilic domains and reduce susceptibility to inactivation by... 

Acrylated epoxidized linseed oil Acrylated epoxidized soybean oil a-Hydoxy ketone Bisacylphosphine oxide Oligomer containing bisphenol A groups... 

Another comparative study analyzed the effect of different curing strategies on the composite properties, when samples made of same amounts of woven glass fabric and an epoxy-vinyl ester (Derakane 510A— brominated bisphenol A-based vinyl ester) were single-sided UV-cured in the presence of 2 % bisacylphosphine oxide (BAPO) as photoinitiator, or thermally cured in the presence of 1.2 % benzoyl peroxide (BPO) [191]. Data obtained for flexural strength indicated the laminates had comparable characteristics and the procedure may be subjected to further optimization [192]. 

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