United Nations Industrial Development Organisation

To address the challenges of the new global context and to enhance economy wide productivity in a sustainable manner, the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) focuses its activities on three thematic priorities poverty reduction through productive activities, trade capacity building and environment and energy. 

For the dissemination and the establishment of the ChL business model in different industries and different countries a clear definition of ChL is essential. As the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) plays a leading role in the development and implementation of ChL around the world, it was UNIDO that defined - together with an international working group -the term of Chemical Leasing (see Chapter 2). 

Projects by UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organisation) Mexico, Egypt, Russia (for details, see Appendix). 

L.G. Copping, Aspects of Pesticide Discovery , in Recent Developments in the Field of Pesticides and their Application to Pest Control , ed. K. Holly, L.G. Copping and G.T. Brooks, United Nations Industrial Development Organisation, Vienna, 1990, pp. 16-26. 

The working groups publish newsletters and reports and provide a network for those working in these industries across the world. UNEP and UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organisation) are also setting up about 20 centres for cleaner production in less developed countries. These centres will be independent and industry driven, involved in education, technology transfer and consultation regarding cleaner production. 

UNIDO, Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations, United Nations Industrial Development Organisation, FO/WCWBP/75, Document No.l27, UNIDO, New York, NY, USA, 1975. 

The potential commercial applications of LNR have been exhaustively studied in a project sponsored by the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) at the Rubber Research Institute of Africa (IRCA), Invory Coast, in 1985. Tlie physical properties of LNR and related products, and the relevant economics are the main factors considered in evaluating the applicability of LNR. Table 4 lists some of the important applications explored and general comments about the products. 

The eChemPortal is an effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in collaboration with the European Commission, the United States, Canada, lapan, the International Council of Chemical Associations, the Business and Industry Advisory Committee, the World Health Organization s International Program on Chemical Safety, the United Nations Environment Programme on Chemicals and environmental non-governmental organizations. 

The science of animal nutrition continues to advance and this has necessitated, to varying degrees, the updating of most chapters. In particular the new developments in dairy cow nutrition in the Feed into Milk System and the new nutrient requirements of pigs proposed by the British Society of Animal Science have been incorporated in the middle chapters and the Appendix tables. In addition new information, published in recent reviews of nutrient requirements by the National Research Council of the United States, and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation of Australia has been included. 

Full details of this work were pubHshed (6) and the processes, or variants of them, were introduced in a number of other countries. In the United States, the pharmaceutical industry continued to provide manufacturing sites, treating plasma fractionation as a normal commercial activity. In many other countries processing was undertaken by the Red Cross or blood transfusion services that emerged following Wodd War II. In these organisations plasma fractionation was part of a larger operation to provide whole blood, blood components, and speciaUst medical services on a national basis. These different approaches resulted in the development of two distinct sectors in the plasma fractionation industry ie, a commercial or for-profit sector based on paid donors and a noncommercial or not-for-profit sector based on unpaid donors. 

The development of such membranes in England and the United States was not an easy task, as finely outlined by Solt (1995). In those days, the combined efforts of the Netherlands National Research Organisation (TNO) and the South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research resulted in the development of the ED process for demineralizing saline waters from mines. In the late 1950s, the Office of European Economic Cooperation, as well as in the 1960s the Institute for Arid Zone Research at Beersheva (Israel) and several Japanese manufacturers, contributed to further R D in this sector (Lacey and Loeb, 1972 Solt, 1995). 

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