Underwriters Laboratories UL

UL 94-80 Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances, 3rd Edition, revised to September 17, 1990, 55 pp (DOD Adopted) (FSC 9330) (MR) 

MIL-M-910E(3) Mats, Floor, Standing, 17 November 1981, 5 pp amend + 7 pp base spec (FSC 7220) (SH) 

The mat is a smooth unicellular base bonded to a solid rubber or plastic top covering. 

MII C-3133C Notice 1 Cellular Elastomeric Materials, Molded or Fabricated Parts, 17 May 1984, 3 pp Notice + 8 pp base spec (FSC 9320) (MR) 

MIL-B-4792D(1) (USAF) Bumper, Rubber, Duplex Round, 30 June 1978, 1 p amend + 5 pp base spec (FSC 1730) (82) 

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It is important to know whether a polymer will be stable, that is, whether it will not decompose at a given temperature. There are several measures of thermal stability, the most important of which (from an economic standpoint) is the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) temperature index. 

Each segment of the insulated wire and cable industry has its own set of standards, and cables are built to conform to specifications provided by a large variety of technical associations such as The Institute of Electrical Electronic Engineers (IEEE), The Insulated Cable Engineers Association, (ICEA), National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Rural Electrification Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (REA), Association of Edison Illumination Companies (AEIC), MiUtary Specifications of the Department of Defense (MIL), American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), National Electrical Code (NEC), etc. 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is an independent, nonprofit organisation that develops standards for safety in electrical products. UL 746 A, B,... 

Flammability. Most nylons ate classified V-2 by the Underwriters Laboratory UL-94 test, which means that these nylons are self-extinguishing within a certain time-scale under the conditions of the test. They achieve this performance by means of giving off burning drips. 

Long-term exposure to high temperature is best described by the Underwriters Laboratory (UL) temperature index. The UL temperature index is ... 

For physical, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, ASTM test methods are employed (28). Flammability ratings are often based on Underwriters Laboratories (UL) standards (29). UL flammabiUty ratings given ia this article are aot iateaded to reflect the hazards preseated by the resias uader use coaditioas. Typical properties are givea ia Table 3. More details and additional properties are given ia Refereaces 5 and 31—33. 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) UL 51, UL343, ULI08I, UL448, ULI247... 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) requires that consumer batteries pass a number of safety tests [3]. UL requires that a battery withstand a short circuit without fire or explosion. A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) device [4] is used for external short-circuit protection. The resistance of a PTC placed in series with the cell increases by orders of magnitude at high currents and resulting high temperatures. However, in the case of an internal short, e.g., if the positive tab comes lose and contacts the interior of the negative metal can, the separator could act as a fuse. That is, the impedance of the separator increases by two to three orders of magnitude due to an increase in cell temperature. 

On just the subject of appliance safety the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) have published more than four hundred safety standards to assess the hazards associated with manufacturing appliances. These standards represent basic design requirements for various categories of products covered by the organization. For example, under UL s Component Plastics Program a material is tested under standardized, uniform conditions to provide preliminary information as... 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Test 94 can be used. The placement of the specimen, the size of the flame, and its position and location with respect to the specimen are described in detail in this important UL specifications. Depending on their nonburning to burning capabilities, results of tests are reported as being materials classed 94V-0, 94V-1, 94V-2, 94-5V, etc. (Chapter 2, HIGH TEMPERATURE, Flammability). 

The Underwriters Laboratories (UL) tests are recognized by various industries to provide continuous temperature ratings, particularly in electrical applications. These ratings include separate listings for electrical properties, mechanical properties including impact, and mechanical properties without impact. The temperature index is important if the final product has to receive UL recognition or approval. 

Standards provide a base for a uniform system of accepted performance such as those found in engineering practice standards, material standards, and test standards. Hydrogen standards are typically written under a consensus process by technical committees (TC) representing a cross section of interested parties and issued in the United States, for example, by organizations such as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) for pressure vessels, pipelines, and piping the Compressed Gas Association (CGA) for pressure vessel operation and maintenance and the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) for product certification. 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) high rise (hydrocarbon) fire test UL 1709, has an average fire temperature of 1093 °C (2,000 °F) after 5 minutes. Therefore unless the an actual fire exposure heat radiation input calculation has been made, either a worst case fire exposure temperature could be assumed or a standard temperature to the limits of UL 1709 could be applied. 

Underwriters Laboratory UL 94 Standard for Safety, 11 457-458 Undifferentiated chemicals, 20 712 Undiscovered petroleum resources, 18 595 Unfilled tooth restorative resins, 8 333 Uniaxial extensional viscosity, measuring, 21 740... 

In contrast to systems that are set up to transmit local only alarms when the sensors are triggered, systems can also be set up to transmit signals to a central location, such as to a control room or guard post at the utility, or to a police or fire station. Most fire/smoke alarms are set up to signal both at the location of the event and at a fire station or central monitoring station. Many insurance companies require that facilities install certified systems that include alarm communication to a central station. For example, systems certified by the Underwriters Laboratory (UL) require that the alarm be reported to a central monitoring station. 

Many security doors can be retrofit into existing frames however, many security door installations include replacing the door frame as well as the door itself. For example, bullet resistance per Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 752 requires resistance of the door and frame assembly, and thus replacing the door only would not meet UL 752 requirements. 

Listed equipment is typically defined as materials that have been tested to a standard by an organization that is acceptable to the AHJ. The listing organization, such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL) or Factory Mutual (FM), maintains a periodic audit of listed equipment or materials to ensure that the equipment or material meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose. The testing organization then publishes a list of equipment that has passed the evaluation process. Hence, the fire protection community uses the term "listed" to define equipment that has been specifically evaluated for use in fire protection applications. 

Portable fire extinguishers purchased in the United States should be listed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL). Extinguishers for marine use should bear the label of the U.S. Coast Guard or other Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). Extinguishers and agents purchased outside the United States should be approved by the AHJ, such as the governmental authority. 

Standards Third-party standards for AST fabrication have evolved significantly over the past two decades, as have various recommended practice guidelines for the installation and operations of AST systems. Standards developed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) have been perhaps the most predominant guidelines—in fact, ASTs are often categorized according to the UL standard that they meet, such as a UL 142 tank. ... 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) also approves and rates storage tanks. Factors including tank wall thickness, type of metal used, welding procedure, venting, supports, pressure ratings, and other related topics are specifically defined in the approval codes. Guidelines which relate directly to the storage of flammable and combustible materials are provided under UL Code 142. 

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