Types of protection

A nuclear power plant may be protected from the design basis flood by the following methods  

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Many cellular plastic products are available with different types of protective faces, including composite metal and plastic foils, fiber-reinforced plastic skins, and other coatings. These reduce but do not eliminate the rate of aging. For optimum performance, such membranes must be totally adhered to the foam, and other imperfections such as wrinkles, cuts, holes, and unprotected edges should be avoided because they all contribute to accelerated aging. 

Protected Amino Acids. Various types of protected amino acids for peptide synthesis are available commercially (243). 

The coating thickness may range from 0.0025 to 0.05 mm, depending on the type of protection required. Pure tin coatings are used on food-processing equipment, milk cans, kitchen implements, electronic and electrical components, fasteners, steel and copper wire, pins, automotive bearings, and pistons. 

ISA S12.16.01 (lEC 79-7 MOD), Electrical Apparatus for Use in Class I, Zones 1 and 2 Elazardous (Classified) Locations Type of Protection—Increased Safety e . Instrument Society of America, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 

Table 1.10 Types of protection against contact with live or moving parts...

Industrial Power Engineering and Applications Handbook Table 1.11 Types of Protection against ingress of water... 

Static thermal relay (discrete ICs or microprocessor based) For medium and large motors, 300 h.p. and above, this type of protective relay should be preferred to achieve optimum utilization of the motor s capacity. Consider the available setting ranges in the vicinity of... 

Table 15.6 Recommended limits of voltage and phase displacement errors, applicable for all types of protection VTs (electromagnetic, capacitor and residual VTs)...

I he types of protection and their degree are generally the same as those defined for motors in Section 1.15, Tables 1. 10 and 1. 11. The test requirements and methods of conducting such tests are also almost the same as for those motors, discussed in Section I 1.5.3. 

Other items related to the site conditions that should be communicated are temperature range, if outdoor and type of protection, if outdoor (Is there a roof Are there sides Is the entire installation completely open ). The requirement for heat tracing and other details of this nature that the vendor is to include in his scope of supply should be specified. Whether the machine is at grade or is elevated must also be specified. 

Withdrawn) 1989 AMD 3 Code of practice for selection, installation and maintenance of electncal apparatus for use m potentially explosive atmospheres (other than mining applications or explosives processing and manufacture). Part 1 General recommendations (AMD 7871) dated 15 September 1993. Withdrawn, superseded by BS EN 60079-14 1997 (Withdrawn) 1978 AMD 1 Code of practice for selection, installation and maintenance of electncal apparatus for use m potentially explosive atmospheres (other than mining applications or explosives processing and manufacture). Part 6 Recommendations for type of protection. Increased safety (AMD 5557) dated 30 November 1989. Withdrawn, superseded by BS EN 60079... 

Electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres with type of protection N. Superseded by BS EN 50021 1999 but remains cuiTcnt... 

However, after becoming familiar with site hazards as best as one can, along with analytical data, the level of protection shonld be reexamined. This reexamination shonld be bnilt into the plan, and specific criteria for downgrading levels of protection or the type of protective eqnipment shonld be considered. Even a downgrade in the type of coveralls reqnired can make a large difference in worker heat stress load. The ability of tyvek to breathe (as opposed to saranex) is very desirable when considering worker comfort and heat load. These options, and when they become viable, shonld be anticipated beforehand and placed in the SSAHP. 

The CDC-NIH document describes, in detail, the different uses of the different classes and types of BSCs and the type of protection (personnel, product, and environmental) each type provides. The document also provides a detailed comparison of filtration (air cleaning), airflow pattern (into the cabinet from the room or from the supply duct), and necessary performance tests (leak, velocity profile, differential pressure, etc.) for each type of BSC (see also Simons ). 

Strainers are used primarily to catch only very large particles and will be found in applications where this type of protection is required. Most hydraulic systems have a strainer in the reservoir at the inlet to the suction line of the pump. A strainer is used in lieu of a filter to reduce its chance of being clogged and starving the pump. However, since this strainer is located in the reservoir, its... 

These properties of integration with the underlying metal and negligible dimensional change are the most important features which distinguish diffusion coatings from other types of protection. 

It has been shown that paint films are so permeable to water and oxygen that they cannot affect the cathodic reaction, and that the anodic reaction may be modified by certain pigments. There are, however, many types of protective paint which do not contain inhibitive pigments. It is concluded that this class of paint prevents corrosion by virtue of its high ionic resistance, which impedes the movement of ions and thereby reduces the corrosion current to a very small value. 

Type of protective Typical ingredients Method of application Properties of film... 

Hard-film protectives can be applied to most types of single articles and are especially suitable in mass-production systems. They should not be applied to assemblies because the hard film is liable to cement mating surfaces together and considerable difficulty may arise in the removal of the protective film. This type of protective should be removed before the article is put into use. 

The listing of so many types of protective might indicate some complication in use. It should, however, be realised that the materials are to some extent interchangeable, and in most works it is seldom necessary to have more than two or three materials. It is emphasised that protection should be given by the manufacturer of the article as soon as possible after its fabrication if stocks have to be held in a part-finished state, protection should also be given during this period. This is important for cast iron because corrosion once started is difficult to stop. If the conditions at the receiver s works or depot are particularly severe, the maker s protective processes should be appropriately supplemented. 

Any material used for packaging natural cheeses must prevent moisture loss, maintain good product appearance, protect against microorganisms, and act as an oxygen barrier. Aluminum foil laminates provide this type of protection for cheese. Cream cheese is packed in lami-... 

Based on the type of protecting shell, the mode of stabilization can be classified as follows ... 

The use of proper clothing and protective equipment is mandated not only by common sense and worker safety laws and policies, but also by GLP. The GLP regulations 40 CFR 160.1(a) and 160.3(4), state that attire appropriate to the task must be worn. The type of protective equipment appropriate to the trial must be determined by the Study Director and local management. The Latin American Crop Protection Association (LACPA) is an excellent source of safety training videos and brochures in the Spanish language. 

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