Triglycerides, biochemical effects

Studies in rats have shown that acute doses of hydrazine cause hepatic steatosis accompanied by depletion of ATP and reduced glutathione (GSH) and hepatic accumulation of triglycerides. Biochemical effects from repeated exposure, however, included depletion of triglycerides and induction of nitrophe-nol hydroxylase activity in addition to changes in other microsomal enzymes. ... 

The main biochemical effect of the statins is to lower LDL cholesterol, but they also raise levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which improves the HDL LDL cholesterol ratio (a more important index than total serum cholesterol), and they also reduce plasma triglycerides. 

Labbe, G. et al. (1991) Effects of various tetracycline derivatives on in vitro and in vivo beta-oxidation of fatty acids, egress of triglycerides from the liver, accumulation of hepatic triglycerides, and mortality in mice. Biochemical Pharmacology, 41 (4), 638-641. 

Mizuguchi, H., Kudo, N., Ohya, T. Kawashima, Y. (1999) Effects of tiadenol and di-(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate on the metabolism of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in the liver of rats comparison with clofibric acid. Biochem. Pharmacol, 57, 869-876 Mocchiutti, N.O. Bernal, C.A. (1997) Effects of chronic di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate intake on the secretion and removal rate of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in rats. Food chem. Toxicol, 35, 1017-1021... 

Bhathena, S.J., Ali, A.A., Mohamed, A.I., Hansen, C.T., and Velasquez, M.T. 2002. Diffemtial effects of dietary flaxseed protein and soy protein on plasma triglyceride and uric acid levels in animal models. J. Nutr. Biochem. 13, 684-689. 

Prabhakaran et al. indicated that noise could be a potent stressor and cause disturbances in the biochemical parameters of the body. It is presumed that most of the effects are indirect, being manifested through the activation of autonomic nervous system that liberates catecholamines and HPA axis responsible for the liberation of corticosteroids [104], In 1989, Hershock and Vogel found that in male Sprague-Dawley rats, acute immobilization stress could affect serum triglyceride and nonesterified fatty acid values and that these effects were diet and time dependent however, the rats total cholesterol levels were unaffected by stress [105], In addition, in 1996 Brennan et al. pointed out that stressed animals had higher levels of the cholesterol parameters than did home cage controls [106],... 

TCDD exposure, but biochemical examinations revealed a pattern suggestive of a subclinical effect on lipid metabolism (USAF 1991). Blood triglycerides showed a strong positive association with both the initial levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and the current serum levels the authors indicated that this variable is highly sensitive to body fat, which was increased in the more highly exposed individuals. Cholesterol, HDL, and the cholesterol-HDL ratio also showed significant associations with 2,3,7,8-TCDD. 

Laarveld B., Chaplin, R.K. and Brockman, R.P. 1985. Effects of insulin on the metabolism of acetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and triglycerides by the bovine mammary gland. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B. 82, 265-267. 

The administration of a purified diet supplemented with 1% orotic acid induces in rats a rapid accumulation of lipids in the liver [290]. Such an effect is species specific and does not seem to occur in humans. The deposition of triglycerides in the liver, accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of plasma lipids, is a common and characteristic feature of fatty liver induced by various drugs. The earliest biochemical change [291,292] detected in rats given orotic acid is an increase in the pool of uridine nucleotides paralleled by a concomitant reduction of the level of adenine nucleotides and the oxidized and reduced forms of NAD. 

Babu PS, Srinivasan K (1997) Influence of dietary capsaicin and onion on the metabolic abnormalities associated with diabetes mellitus. Mol Cell Biochem 175 49-57 Srinivasan K, Sambaiah K (1991) Effect of spices on cholesterol-7a-hydroxylase activity and on serum and hepatic cholesterol levels in the rat. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 61 364—369 Negulesco JA, Young RM, Ki P (1983) Capsaicin lowers plasma cholesterol and triglycerides of lagomorphs. Artery 12 301-311... 

Steinberg, D., M. Vaughan, P. J. Nestel, and S. Bergstrom Effects of prostaglandin E opposing those of catecholamines on blood pressure and on triglyceride breakdown in adipose tissue. Biochem. Pharm. 12, 764 (1963). 

---