Tools for assessing

The efficacy of the alternative instmctional programme in facilitating students understanding of the triplet relationship lends support to the instructional strategies that were implemented in the programme. Also, the RSCRDI has been successfully utilised as a convenient diagnostic tool for assessing students proficiency in the use... 

As already alluded to above, the analysis of the properties of model hole functions that emerge from approximate exchange-correlation functionals is a major tool for assessing... 

Vogt RFJ, Marti GE, Zenger V (2008) Quantitative fluorescence calibration a tool for assessing the quality of data obtained by fluorescence measurements. In Resch-Genger U (ed) Standardization and quality assurance in fluorescence measurements I Springer Ser Fluoresc 5 3-31... 

Zhou QF, Zhang JB, Fu JJ, Shi JB, Jiang GB (2008) Biomonitoring an appealing tool for assessment of metal pollution in the aquatic ecosystem. Anal Chim Acta 606 135-150... 

Table 5 Selected biochemical responses and diagnostic tools for assessment of the environmental biota health at the molecular level [50]...

Tillitt, D.E., J.P. Giesy, and G.T. Ankley. 1991. Characterization of the H4IIE rat hepatoma cell bioassay as a tool for assessing toxic potency of planar halogenated hydrocarbons in environmental samples. Environ. Sci. Technol. 25 87-92. 

Henderson, R. (1989). Bronchoalveolar lavage A tool for assessing the health status of the lung. In Concepts in Inhalation Toxicology (McClellan R.O. and Henderson R.F., Eds.). Hemisphere, Washington D.C., pp. 414—442. 

Auhert, M., Osterwalder, R., Wagner, B., Parrilla, I., Cavero, I., Doessegger, L. and Ertel, E.A. (2006) Evaluation of the rahhit Purkinje fibre assay as an in vitro tool for assessing the risk of drug-induced torsades de pointes in humans. Drug Safety, 29, 237-254. 

Gerhart M.J., Balland A., and Paxton RJ. (1997), Evaluation of CNBr digestion followed by Edman sequencing as a tool for assessing methionine susceptibility to oxidation in native molecules, ABRF 97 Techniques at the Genome-Proteome Interface, Baltimore, MD. 

The determination of hydrocarbon contaminants in soil is one of the most frequently performed analyses in the study of contaminated sites and is also one of the least standardized. Given the wide variety of hydrocarbon contaminants that can potentially enter and exist in the soil environment, a need exists for methods that quantify these chemicals satisfactorily. Formerly, the idea of total hydrocarbon determination in soil was seen as providing a satisfactory tool for assessing contaminated sites, but the nature of the method and the site specificity dictate a risk-based approach in data assessment. Quantitation of particular hydrocarbon species may be required. 

Barlow, S. 2005. Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC). A tool for assessing substances of unknown toxicity present at low levels in the diet. ILSI Europe Concise Monograph Series. Europe, Bmssels, Belgium ILSI. http //europe.ilsi.org/publications/Monographs/ThreshoIdToxicoIogicaIConcem.htm Barnes, D., G. Daston, J. Evans, et al. 1995. Benchmark dose workshop Criteria for use of a benchmark dose to estimate a reference dose. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 21 296-306. 

Kroes, R., C. Galli, 1. Munro, et al. 2000. Threshold pf toxicological concern for chemical substances in the diet A practical tool for assessing the need for toxicity testing. Food Chem. Toxicol. 38 255-312. 

Schematic representations serving as tools for assessing current knowledge and for designing better experiments to reveal the integrated nature of a process.

A graphical procedure for assessing the possible interaction of two different inhibitors binding at the active site of an enzyme. In this method, the investigator plots vjvi as a function of the concentration of one of the two inhibitors at different, constant concentrations of the second substrate . Such plots provide a means for the calculation of the inhibitor interaction constant which provides the investigator with a tool for assessing the degree of overlap of subsites at an enzyme s active center. 

Chemical-induced reproductive toxicity consists of effects on reproductive performance (e.g., fertility and fecundity), the reproductive tract, and/or sexual development. Reproductive toxicity has been routinely assessed, using laboratory animal studies, in the chemical risk assessment process for over 40 years. For environmental chemicals, the multigeneration reproduction and fertility study in rats has been the primary tool for assessing reproductive toxicity potential in humans. Unfortunately, these expensive and animal-intensive studies have only been conducted on a fraction of environmentally... 

Michael Gery, who developed the OZIPR model, graciously provided advice on its use as well as electronic copies of the documentation. This model, which contains the two major chemical mechanism schemes for gas-phase, VOC-NC/ chemistry in use in atmospheric chemistry, is available on the Academic Press Web site (http //www.academicpress.com/pecs/down-load). A number of problems using this model are included in the book, and it is a valuable teaching tool for assessing the effects of various model input parameters on predicted concentrations of a wide variety of gas-phase species. His assistance and that of Marcia Dodge of the U.S. EPA in making it available are appreciated. 

Experience gained from studies in northern Wisconsin indicates that stable isotopes can be valuable tools for assessing the hydrology of groundwater-lake systems. Several conclusions are evident ... 

Miller, J.C., Fit for duty Performance testing tools for assessing public safety and health workers readiness for work, Ergon. Des., April, 11, 1996. 

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