Scheme of the mechanism

As implied in the schemes of the mechanisms above, a surface oxide is formed during O2 evolution. Since M-0 is a much stronger bond than M-H, absorption of O is much more probable than that of H. Thus, whereas H2 evolution can be treated as occurring on bare metal surfaces, O2 evolution cannot. In the end, after O2 evolution, a metal surface turns out coated by an oxide layer electrolytically... 

Schemes (295) and (326) can be united into one general scheme of the mechanism. It is sufficient to regard stages 1 and 2a as reversible ...

Figure 6.2 Simplified scheme of the mechanism of accelerated sulphur vulcanization of...

In addition to humic substances, nitrites and nitrates usually found in natural water also act as indirect photosensitizers to produce secondary oxidants such as hydroxyl radicals [91]. A simplified scheme of the mechanism is as follows [92] ... 

Fig. 8. Tentative scheme of the mechanism of the catalytic activity of bacteriorhodopsin. indicates that reprotonation during the photocyde of bacteriorhodopsin occurs from the cytoplasmic side. A proton is released first at the extracellular side of the membrane.

Figure 6.2. Scheme of the mechanism of action of anti-folic antimalarials. PABA represents p-aminobenzoic acid, A andB the intracellular forms of dihydrofolic and tetrahydro-folic acids, and CoF is the enzyme co-factor for purine and pyrimidine synthesis... 

Schubert s work on the decarbonylation of 2,4,6-alkylated benzal-dehydes in moderately and highly concentrated aqueous sulphuric acid (Schubert and Burkitt, 1956 Schubert and Myhre, 1958) is fundamentally important for several reasons. Firstly, it demonstrates that an electrophilic substitution by solvated hydrogen ions as electrophilic reagents follows the same mechanism as the substitution of hydrogen by other electrophilic particles secondly, it is another example of a reaction where a change in the steric requirements of the steady-state intermediate changes the kinetic details, but not the fundamental scheme of the mechanism involved. 

Figure 2.6 Scheme of the mechanism for the formation of mesoporous silica. Silica polymers formed initially from silica monomers, and associated with surfactant monomers, which form composite self-organised primary particles which can either continue to grow via monomer addition (path 1) or themselves aggregate in a directional fashion (path 2) to form the final mesophase composite. Nondirectional aggregation would cause formation of disordered pore structures. Reprinted with permission from Nooney, R.I. Thirunavukkarasu, D. Chen, Y. Josephs, R. Ostafin, A.E., Synthesis of Nanoscale Mesoporous Silica Spheres with Controlled Particle Size, Chem. Mater., 14, 4721—4728. Copyright (2002) American Chemical Society... 

Figure 6.7. (A) Redox potentials for the reactions involving dioxygen in acidic media (B) scheme of the mechanism proposed for the tetraelectronic reduction of O2 catalyzed cofacial cobalt prophyrins.

The first main idea of this work is to refuse the assumption of possible one-step transfer of several (more than one) electrons in one elementary electrochemical act and to consider any real many-electron process as a sequence of one-electron steps. Although this idea is not new (it follows immediately from quantum theories of electron transfer [4]), it is not followed consistently in research practice. The reason is that a number of significant problems ought to be overcome in such an approach description of the accompanying intervalence chemical reactions, general scheme of the mechanism, estimation of stability of low-valence intermediate species and... 

Below is cited a scheme of the mechanism of the oxidation of rubbers in the temperature region 100-150°C in the presence of inhibitors of the class of secondary aromatic amines [20] ... 

FIGURE 14.7 Scheme of the mechanism for the oxidation of half-mustard. Alkyl hypochlorite formation at the oil-water interface enables an oxidation close to the interface or inside the oil subphase. (From Menger, F. M. and Ellington, A. R., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 8201, 1990. With permission)... 

Fig, 1. Scheme of the mechanisms of o<,/-elimination and -replacement reactions catalysed by PLP-dependent lyases (after L.Davis it D.Metzler 9),... 

Figure 7.6 Scheme of the mechanism of the transitions L L (right, minimum loss or order and coherence) and L L (left, transition with zone of disorder resulting in a loss of coherence). Reproduced from Reference 5 with permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry. 

Scheme of the mechanism of localized corrosion inhibition of AA5083 by lanthanide ions (Yasakau ). 

Fig. 2.3 Scheme of the mechanism of Pt deposition via the oxidation of HNO3 + H2SO4 on CNFs (Reprinted with the permission from Yu et al, [51], Copyright 1998 American Chemical Society)... 

Fig. 6 Scheme of the mechanism fm the synthesis of core-shell particle composites on the basis of the common ion effect... 

Fourth, the kinetics tends to open the mechanism of the chemical process, to reveal fiom which elementary steps it consists, what intramediate confounds are formed in it, via what routes reactants are transformed into products, and what factors are responsible for the composition of products. In the result of the kinetic study, authors compose the scheme of the mechanism of the process, analyze it and compare with experimental data, state new testing experiments, and if necessary supplement the scheme and repeat checking. Various elementary reactions of formation and transformation of active species, radicals, ions, radical ions, molecular complexes, etc., participate in many complex chemical processes. 

Figure 6. Idealized scheme of the mechanism of action of steroid and thyroid hormones using an intracellular binding protein or receptor. DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid RNA, ribonucleic acid Hn-RNA, heterogeneous RNA mRNA, messenger RNA.

Figure 5. Simplified scheme of the mechanism of protein biosynthesis showing the intricate feedback mechanisms, the structural genes and their controls, and the regulatory gene.

Fig. 3.7 Scheme of the mechanism acting in synergism between HPA and a photocatalytically active semiconductor under irradiation (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 

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