Thickeners shampoos

Cocamidopropyl betaine is an amphoteric detergent, a detergent that can act as an acid or a base. It does not irritate the skin or mucous membranes. It is used to thicken shampoos, and to reduce the irritation that would result if only more irritating detergents were used. It has antibiotic effects, and is used in personal sanitary products. It also has antistatic properties, making it an effective conditioning agent in shampoos. 

Betaines act as foam modifiers, changing the loose and lacy foams normally generated by lauryl and laureth sulfates to thick and creamy lathers. They also help to thicken shampoo formulations and lower eye and skin irritation [21,22],... 

With the advent of two-in-one shampoos, a new era has begun in cosmetic science. Differences in the performance between different conditioning shampoos can be relatively large, and these can be detected in laboratory tests, in half-head tests, and even in consumer tests on cell sizes smaller than N = 100. To the cosmetic scientist, this is a pleasant situation. We can now turn our attention to real product performance. We can truly work to create products that are really better, not only in the laboratory but also in the marketplace. This situation was created by a combination of new technology and consumers becoming willing to accept different standards of performance for shampoos, and I believe this same situation exists for other opportunities in hair care in the future (e.g., hair body or hair thickening shampoos). 

Uses Super amide (1 1) derived from whoie coconut oii foam boosters, stabiiizer, thickener shampoos, bubbie baths, dishwashing detergents, contains no amide ester... 

Gel Shampoos. These shampoos are generally versions of the clear product but consist of higher concentrations of the cleansing and thickening agents. They are usually packaged in tube form for dispensing purposes. 

Pa.ste Shampoos. These shampoos represent thickened versions of opaque shampoos. They have a somewhat firm, cream-like consistency and are packaged in jars and/or tubes. Thickening of these systems is usually accompHshed through additions of stearate soaps and electrolytes. 

Thickeners. These are used to kicrease viscosity of shampoos to achieve certain consistency characteristics ki the product, from a thickened Hquid to gels and pastes. Among the most important materials used for this purpose are the alkanolamides. The chain length of the amide alkyl group and its solubiHty ki the shampoo system are important aspects to be considered ki thek use for effects on viscosity. In general, as the chain length increases the viscosity response improves. The viscosity increase also is related to the water solubiHty of the amide the more water-soluble forms provide a lower viscosity response than the less soluble amides. 

Inorganic salts are also used to promote shampoo thickening. These should be used sparingly since an excess may have a deleterious effect on a product s physical stabiHty. Sodium chloride commonly is used in these cases. The additions of sodium stearate and stearic amides can be found in paste shampoos for thickening. 

Other thickeners used include derivatives of ceUulose such as methylceUulose, hydroxypropylmethylceUulose, and ceUulose gum natural gums such as tragacanth and xanthan (see Cellulose ethers Gums) the carboxyvinyl polymers and the poly(vinyl alcohol)s. The magnesium aluminum siHcates, glycol stearates, and fatty alcohols in shampoos also can affect viscosity. 

An ammoniacal solution is added just before use to activate the hydrogen peroxide. Ammonia is preferred over sodium carbonate (40) or ethanolamines for maximum bleaching. The alkaline solution can be formulated iato a shampoo vehicle with oleate soaps or ethoxylated fatty alcohols. When the bleach is appHed to areas such as new hair growth, a viscous cream or paste may be preferred, formulated with fatty alcohols, alkanolamides, or other thickeners. 

PEGs are often reacted with fatty acids to make detergents that have thickening and foam-stabilizing properties. When chemically combined with fatty acids from coconut oil, they make detergents such as PEG-5 cocamide, which is used in shampoos as a surfactant, emulsifier, and foam stabilizer. 

They are surfactants, but they are usually added to thicken mixtures such as shampoo, and to help keep some other ingredients in solution. This makes the product transparent, as the cloudy precipitates are put back into solution. 

Sodium chloride (table salt) is used to thicken the mixture if the main surfactants are sodium lauryl sulfates. If the surfactants are ammonium-based, then ammonium chloride is used instead. Salt can make the shampoo harsh, which can sting the eyes, so more expensive thickeners are used to keep the salt levels low. 

Quaternary ammonium compounds are cationic surfactants that bind well to anionic surfaces like the protein in hair. The ammonium end sticks to the hair, leaving the long fatty end of the molecule to act as a lubricant. They are slightly conductive, so they reduce the buildup of static electricity. Quats, as they are sometimes called, include compounds like stearalkonium chloride, disteardimonium chloride, quaternium-5, or quaternium-18, polyquaternium-10 and they are all similar in form and function to cetrimonium chloride. These compounds are also widely used as fabric softeners, for all of the same reasons they make good hair conditioners. They are also used to thicken the shampoo. 

Lauryl diglucoside is used in shampoos as a detergent and as a thickening agent. 

Amphoteric surfactants are those that are an acid and a base at the same time (like water is). Cocamidopropyl betaine, for example, is used in shampoos to stabilize foam and thicken the mixture. 

The ingredients in the shampoo come from many different manufacturers, in many different places around the world. From day to day, a particular batch of shampoo may differ significantly from the previous day s batch in the amount of moisture brought in with those ingredients. Salt has the effect of thickening the mixture, and is added to each batch in the amount needed to raise the viscosity to a specified level. Consequently, the customer gets a product that pours the same way each time. This consistency is important to the customer, because a watery product can cause suspicions about value or about possible tampering. 

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