Stearalkonium chloride

Camphor, dibutyl phthalate [84-74-2], and other Hpidic solvents are common plastici2ers. Nad lacquers requite the presence of a suspending agent because pigments have a tendency to settle. Most tinted lacquers contain a suitable flocculating agent, such as stearalkonium hectorite, a reaction product of hectorite [12173 6-6] and stearalkonium chloride [122-19-0],... 

Quaternary ammonium compounds are cationic surfactants that bind well to anionic surfaces like the protein in hair. The ammonium end sticks to the hair, leaving the long fatty end of the molecule to act as a lubricant. They are slightly conductive, so they reduce the buildup of static electricity. Quats, as they are sometimes called, include compounds like stearalkonium chloride, disteardimonium chloride, quaternium-5, or quaternium-18, polyquaternium-10 and they are all similar in form and function to cetrimonium chloride. These compounds are also widely used as fabric softeners, for all of the same reasons they make good hair conditioners. They are also used to thicken the shampoo. 

Examples of commonly used quats are stearalkonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, and dicetyldimonium chloride ... 

CH3(CH2)l6CH2-N+(CH3)2(C6H5CH2)Cl-Stearalkonium chloride CH3(CH2)i4CH2-N+(CH3)3Cl-Cetrimonium chloride CH3(CH2)l4CH2]2-N+(CH3)2Cl-Dicetyldimonium chloride... 

TABLE 10.4 Binding of Radiolabeled Stearalkonium Chloride (SAC) to Human Haira... 

Verboom el al. (Alberto-Culver) Cetrimonium chloride/stearalkonium chloride = 0.65-2.0 <1% total amount of cetrimonium chloride + stearalkonium chloride Synergistic effect rinse-off or leave-in conditioner provides silk wet feel and inhibits flyaway at 34% RH... 

As discussed in Section II.B.l, the most commonly used conditioning agents are long-chain quaternium compounds or quats. Two of the most widely used quats are cetyltrimonium chloride (CTAC) and stearalkonium chloride (SAC). 

Octadecylbenzyidimethylammonium chloride Orthosan MB Quaternol 1 SDQ 25 SDQ 85 Stearalkonium chloride... 

Figure 3-4. Fiber was permanent waved on the head, after a few weeks cut, and then treated in the laboratory with three alternating treatments of triethanolam-monium lauryl sulfate and stearalkonium chloride and observed in the light microscope. Note the lifting of cuticle scales.

Figure 3-5. Same treatment as in Figure 3, except that this fiber was observed in the dry state in the scanning electron microscope. Top Control fiber treated with sodium deceth-3 sulfate and stearalkonium chloride. Bottom Fiber treated with tri-ethanolammonium lauryl sulfate and stearalkonium chloride. Note the lifting of scales due to the weakened cell membrane complex.

Creme rinses and most hair conditioners are basically compositions containing cationic surfactant in combination with long chain fatty alcohol or other lipid components. Distearyldimonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, stearalkonium chloride, and behentrimonium methosulfate are typical cationic surfactants used in many of today s hair conditioning products. Amines like dimethyl stearamine or stearamidopropyl dimethylamine are other functional cationics used in these products. Cationic polymers such as Polyquaternium-10 (quaternized ceUulosic) and Polyquatemium-7 (copolymer of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and acrylamide) are also used (more in shampoos than in hair conditioners) however, care must be taken to avoid buildup on hair when formulating with cationic polymers. See the section on Cationic Polymers and Their Interactions with Hair in Chapter 7. 

Neutral lipids are found in many different types of hair products including some conditioners, pomades, and men s hair dressings. Monofunctional cationic ingredients such as stearalkonium chloride and cetrimonium chloride are the primary active ingredients of creme rinses and other hairconditioning products, and the increased usage of these products, over the last decade, makes this soil type even more common. 

Figure 5-38. Scale lifting by alternating treatments with triethanol ammonium lauryl sulfate and stearalkonium chloride. Hair previously permed on a live head and subsequently treated in the laboratory. Light micrographs illustrate scale lifting in the wet state.

Figure 5-39. Half-head experiment where the right side is treated with alternating treatments of triethanol ammonium lauryl sulfate and stearalkonium chloride and the left side is treated with sodium deceth-3 sulfate and stearalkonium chloride. Note the shine of the left side and the dullness on the right side. Hair was originally permed and dyed with an oxidation dye.

Figure 5-40. Hair fibers treated in the laboratory with alternating treatments of sodium octyl sulfate and stearalkonium chloride. Top SEM illustrating dry state effects. Note the scale disruption and the large deposits. Bottom Light micrograph illustrating the wet state disruption. Compare to controls illustrated in Figure 5-37.

Robbins and Reich [3] have described studies relating quantitative combing behavior to the single-hber properties of curvature, friction, stiffness, and diameter for straight, wavy, and kinky hair, aU treated with a shampoo detergent (sodium lauryl sulfate), a long-chain quaternary ammonium compound (stearalkonium chloride), a commercial pomade (from mineral oil and petrolatum), and a hair bleach (peroxide/persulfate system). 

Definitbn Reaction prod, of bentonite and stearalkonium chloride Uses Thixotrope, vise, control agent, antisagging agent, suspending agent for paints vise, control agent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, creams, ointments... 

Definition Reaction prod, of hectorite and stearalkonium chloride Uses Vise, control agent in cosmetics thixotrope, gellant, thickener for solv.-based coatings, iip care, eye care, pharmaceutical topicals In resinous/polymeric food-contact coatings Regulatory FDA 21 CFR 175.300 FDA approved for topicals Trade Names Bentone 27V... 

Abiumide CDE] Abiumide CDE-G] Abiumide CKD. See Cocam ide DEA Abiumide CME. See Cocamide MEA Abiumide LDE. See Lauramide DEA Abiumide LME. See Lauramide MEA Abiumide LO. See Lauramine oxide Abiumide SDE. See Stearamide DEA Abiumide SME. See Stearamide MEA Abiumine 08 Abiumine 10, Abiumine 12] Abiumine 18. See Benzalkonium chloride Abiumine 280. See Stearalkonium chloride Abiumine 1212. See Lauralkonium chloride Abiumine 1214. See Benzalkonium chloride Abiumine 1618. See Stearalkonium chloride Abiumine 3500. See Benzalkonium chloride Abiumine C. See Cocoyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline... 

Algene NS. See Benzalkonium chloride Algene SC25. See Stearalkonium chloride Algerian geranium oil. See Geranium maculatum oil Algin... 

See Stearalkonium chloride Ammonium, benzyidimethyl (2-(2-(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) tolyloxy) ethoxy) ethyl)-, chloride. See Methylbenzethonium chloride Ammonium, benzyidocosyidimethyl-, chloride. 

Ammonum, benzyltrimethyl-, bromide. See Benzyltrimethyl ammonium bromide AMM0NYX 4, AMMONYX 4B, AMMONYX 485, AMMONYX 4002, AMMONYX CA-Special. See Stearalkonium chloride AMMONYX CDO Special, AMMONYX CDO. 

Amyris balsamifera Amyris balsamifera oil Amyris oil Amyris oil. West Indian type. See Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil Amyx A-25-S 0040. See Stearalkonium chloride Amyx CDO 3599. See Cocamidopropylamine oxide... 

Benzyidimethylstearyl ammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride Benzyidimethyl (tetradecyl) ammonium, salt with 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (1 1). See Myristalkonium saccharinate Benzyidimethyl (2-[2-(p-1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylcresoxy) ethoxy] ethyl) ammonium chloride. See Methylbenzethonium chloride... 

Benzylstearyl dimethylammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride Benzyl sulfide... 

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