Tert-amyl ethyl ether

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) has identified several hundred MTBE-contaminated sites that have performed treatment of soil and groundwater to remove or destroy MTBE.1 Many of these sites have also treated other fuel components, primarily benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX), and some have treated fuel oxygenates other than MTBE. Although others have reported about treatment technologies for MTBE cleanup,2 only limited information has been published about cleanup of other oxygenates. These oxygenates include ether compounds, such as ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), and tert-amyl ethyl ether (TAEE), as well as alcohol compounds, such as tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), tert-amyl alcohol (TAA), ethanol, and methanol. 

Arce, A., Rodriguez, O., and Soto A., tert-Amyl ethyl ether separation from its mixtures with ethanol using the l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluorometh-anesulfonate ionic liquid liquid-liquid equilibrium, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43, 8323, 2004. 

Application The Snamprogetti Etherification Technology allows producing high-octane oxygenates compounds such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), tert-amyl ethyl ether (TAEE) and etherified light cracked naphtha (ELCN). 

C7H16O 919-94-8 Ethyl 1,1-dimethylpropyl ether syn. 2-Ethoxy-2-methylbutane tert-Amyl ethyl ether ntert-Pentyl ethyl ether... 

Arce, A., Rodriguez, O. Soto, A. (2004). Experimental Determination of Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium Using Ionic Liquids Tert-Amyl Ethyl Ether Plus Ethanol Plus 1-Octyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride System at 298.15 K Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 514-517, ISSN 0021-9568... 

Several review articles [37-40] have been written discussing the use of molecular sieves for the isomerization of light olefins, especially butene. The major driving force was the requirement in the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act in the United States that required the addition of oxygenates to gasoline in amounts up to 2.7wt% oxygen in the final gasoUne product [37]. The primary additive chosen to meet these requirements was MTBE, with lesser amounts of the ethyl ether (ETBE) or tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) as supplements. One major possible route to meet these requirements was the isomerization of linear butenes (1-butene, cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene) into isobutene (2-methyl-l-propene). 

Krahenbuhl, M.A., Gmehling, J. (1994) Vapor pressure of methyl fert-butyl ether, ethyl fert-butyl ether, isopropyl tert-butyl ether, fert-amyl methyl ether, and ferf-amyl ethyl ether. J. Chem. Eng. Data 39, 759-762. 

Because of the reformulated gasoline program introduced by the U.S. government to amend the Clean Air Act in 1990 to reduce emissions from vehicles, oxygenates such as MTBE, ethyl-tert-butyl ether (ETBE), and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) were favored as some of the components to increase the octane number of gasoline. In 2002, there were over 60 MTBE units and 10 TAME units worldwide. Methyl-tert-butyl ether is now phased out in California and possibly banned in the United States nationwide because of its discovery in groundwater. Nevertheless, the experience gained from the successful application of CD for the production of... 

Compound class Compound Abbreviation CAS No. Ethers methyl tert-butyl ether MTBE 1634-04-4 ethyl tert-butyl ether ETBE 637-92-3 tert-amyl methyl ether TAME 994-05-8 diiso- propyl ether DIPE 108-20-3 Alcohols methanol ethanol MeOH Eton 67-56-1 64-17-5 isopropyl alcohol IPA 67-63-0 isobutyl alcohol IBA 78-83-1 tert- butyl alcohol TBA 75-65-0... 

Diaz AF, Drogos DL (2002) Stability of methyl tert-butyl ether, tert-amyl methyl ether, and ethyl tert-butyl ether in acidic media. In Diaz AF, Drogos DL (eds) Oxygenates in gasoline - environmental aspects. ACS symposium series, Oxford University Press, chap 10... 

Literature investigations were used in order to address the six listed challenges these are considered to be some of the most important aspects related to the bioremoval of MTBE in reactors. The focus is on the use of aerobic bioreactors for aqueous phase MTBE removal by direct metabolism. The discussions on cometabolism are confined to its own section. The concepts and information provided are mainly applicable to the ex situ remediation of MTBE contaminated groundwater. The ideas presented, however, can also be applied to MTBE removal in drinking water treatment or industrial applications. Most of the discussions are equally valuable to TBA and other ethers used as fuel oxygenates. These are for example, ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) and diisopropyl ether (DIPE). 

Fig. 5. Solubility of various ethers in water at 25°C [19-24], Abbreviations MTBE, methyl tert-butyl ether ETBE, ethyl iert-butyl ether TAME, tert-amyl methyl ether TAEE, tert-amy ethyl ether DIPE, diisopropyl ether BTBE, butyl iert-butyl ether.

Precision—The precision of these test methods was determined by statistic analysis of interlaboratory test results. Twelve laboratories analyzed in duplicate eight different samples, providing a total of thirteen data sets. One laboratory us two different test methods. The breakdown on data sets by test method is Test Method A, three Test Method B, two Test Method C, three Test Me od D, five. The statistical analysis was performed on the set of 13 data sets because the reductive pyrolysis technique is common to all four test methods. Separate statistics were not determined for individual test methods. The sample set included anhydrous methanol and gasoline stocks that were spiked with one or more of the following isobutanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tfrt-butanol, di-isopropyl ether, ethanol, ethyl ten-butyl ether, methanol, methyl rm-butyl ether, n-propanol, isopropanol, tert-amyl methyl ether. 

X1.2 According to the patent literature, gasoline can be treated with potassium carbonate to remove dissolved water. Test Method B was used to analyze five different gasolines that were spiked with 0.1 mass % water. These gasolines contained one or more of the following oxygenates at concentrations typical of gasolines tert-amyl methyl ether, ethanol, ethyl tert-butyl ether, m-butanol, n-butanol, meth-... 

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