Fert-Amyl methyl ether

The nature of the initiation step, which may occur in a variety of ways, is not known in all cases. Commonly used ethers such as ethyl ether, isopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and i)-dioxane are particulady prone to form explosive peroxides on prolonged storage and exposure to air and light (see Peroxides AND PEROXY COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC), and should contain antioxidants (qv) to prevent their build-up. One of the exceptions to the peroxide forming tendency of ethers is methyl fert-alkyl ethers such as methyl fert-butyl ether [1634-04-4] (MTBE) and fert-amyl methyl ether [994-05-8] (TAME). Both have shown htde tendency if any to form peroxides (2,8). 

Krahenbuhl, M.A., Gmehling, J. (1994) Vapor pressure of methyl fert-butyl ether, ethyl fert-butyl ether, isopropyl tert-butyl ether, fert-amyl methyl ether, and ferf-amyl ethyl ether. J. Chem. Eng. Data 39, 759-762. 

Another flow-type apparatus has been operated by Reichl et It was set up as a non-recycle flow still and, due to the short residence time, it was used to determine isoharic VLB data of thermally unstable components and of reactive mixtures. Two esterification systems (methyl formate and ethyl acetate) and one etherification system (fert-amyl methyl ether) were investigated. 

After the above discussion on RD of ideal ternary mixtures, in this section two nonideal ternary systems are considered. These are the heterogeneously catalyzed syntheses of the fuel ethers MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) and TAME (fert-amyl methyl ether) by etherification of methanol with isobutene or isoamlyenes respectively. Both reaction systems have enormous industrial importance because of the outstanding antiknock properties of MTBE and TAME as gasoline components. 

Bias—No consistent bias was observed with the gasoline oxygenate fert-amyl methyl ether ter/-butanol... 

Figure lll-B-7. Arrhenius plot of the rate coefficient for the reaction of NO3 with Ce ethers (di-n-propyl ether, DnPE di-isopropyl ether, DiPE ethyl rerr-butyl ether, ETBE and fert-amyl methyl ether, TAME). 

Somsamak P, HH Richnow, MM Haggblom (2005) Carbon isotope fractionation during anaerobic biotransformation of methyl fert-butyl ether and ferf-amyl methyl ether. Environ Sci Technol 39 103-109. 

Figure 6.11.29 World demand for methanol by end use in 2007 [data from Saade (2009)] TAME = tert-amyl methyl ether, MTBE = methyl fert-butyl ether.

The preparation of /er/-butyl ethers requires a large excess of isobutene (bp -6.9 C) and the inconvenience and potential hazard of a pressure vessel or a sealed tube in some cases. rm-Amyl (Tam) ethers have the same lability as ten-butyl ethers towards acids, and they are prepared the same way, by reaction of the alcohol with 2-methyl-l-butene (bp 31 ""C) in the presence of trifluoroborane etherate, but they require only a slight excess of the reagent [Scheme 4.128). Deprotection of /er/-butyl and fert-amyl ethers can be accomplished by treatment with a catalytic amount of TBSOTf. When a stoichiometric... 

Table lll-B-24. Rate coefficients (k=AxT x e cm molecule with methyl fert-amyl ether [CH30C(CH3)2CH2CH3]... 

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