Tert-amyl alcohol

Dimethyl ethyl carbinol (2-methyl-2-butanol or tert.-amyl alcohol), CH3CH2C0H(CH3).. From ethyl propionate and methyl magnesium iodide. Collect the tertiary alcohol at 100-102°. 

Fig. 5.5.15 Spatially resolved 13C DEPT spectra recorded for the competitive etherification and hydration reactions of 2-methyl-2-butene (2M2B) to 2-methoxy-2-methylbutane (tert-amyl methyl ether, TAME) and 2-methyl-butan-2-ol (tert-amyl alcohol, TAOH), respectively. The molar composition of the feed was in the ratio 2 10 1 for 2M2B methanol water. The...

All reactions were run using 2.5 mol% Pd2(dba)3, 10mol% ligand, 2equiv K2COj, and 1.05 equiv of 24 in tert-amyl alcohol at 100 °C for 20h. 

The reaction conditions were optimized to afford clean coupling of enol tosylate 32 using only a slight excess of amide 24 (1.05equiv) at 100 °C, 5mol% Pd2(dba)3/ dppb catalyst, and a toluene/tert-amyl alcohol solvent system. Even under the harsh reaction conditions required for complete conversion of the tosylate (100 °C, 20 h) no detectable E/Z isomerization was seen, providing further proof that the hindered nature of the enamide aids stability to isomerization. Treatment of the mixture with activated carbon (Darco KB-B) at the end of the reaction followed by isolation of the product by crystallization, afforded enamide 22 in 92% isolated yield. 

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) has identified several hundred MTBE-contaminated sites that have performed treatment of soil and groundwater to remove or destroy MTBE.1 Many of these sites have also treated other fuel components, primarily benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX), and some have treated fuel oxygenates other than MTBE. Although others have reported about treatment technologies for MTBE cleanup,2 only limited information has been published about cleanup of other oxygenates. These oxygenates include ether compounds, such as ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), and tert-amyl ethyl ether (TAEE), as well as alcohol compounds, such as tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), tert-amyl alcohol (TAA), ethanol, and methanol. 

Amyl compounds, see also Pentyl Amyl alcohol, p39 act-Amyl alcohol, ml61 sec-Amyl alcohol, p40 tert-Amyl alcohol, ml62... 

Another highly active non-pyrophoric nickel catalyst is prepared by reduction of nickel acetate in tetrahydrofuran by sodium hydride at 45° in the presence of tert-amyl alcohol (which acts as an activator). Such catalysts, referred to as Nic catalysts, compare with P nickel boride and are suitable for hydrogenations at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and for partial reduction of acetylenes to civ-alkenes [49]. 

Partial reduction of naphthols was accomplished by sodium in liquid ammonia. In the absence of alcohols small amounts of 5,8-dihydro-a-naphthol or 5,8-dihydro- -naphthol were isolated. In the presence of tert-amyl alcohol, a-naphthol gave 65-85% yield of 5,8-dihydro-a-naphthol while -naphthol afforded 55-65% of -tetralone [399] Procedure 26, p. 211). Lith-... 

In a glove-box, l-(2-methylphenyl)ethanol (1.11, 8.14 mmol), tert-amyl alcohol (16 mL), and EtjN (0.67 mL, 4.8 mmol) were added to a flask containing 16 (27.7 mg, 0.0419 mmol). A septnm was added and the flask was removed from the glove box. After some gentle heating to dissolve the catalyst, the flask was cooled to 0 °C. Ac O (0.46 mL, 4.9 mmol) was added dropwise and after 25.5 h the reaction was quenched with MeOH (5 mL). 

Entry Ar R 2 mol% 16, EtjO, room temperature 1 mol% 16, tert-amyl alcohol, 0°C ... 

A vial containing ( )-4-phenyl-3-butyn-2-ol (73.0 mg, 0.500 mmol) and catalyst 16 (3.3 mg, 0.005 mmol) in tert-amyl alcohol (1.0 mL) was capped with a septum and sonicated to help dissolve the catalyst. The resulting purple solution was cooled to 0 °C, and Ac O (35.4 pL, 0.375 mmol) was added by syringe. After 49 h, the reaction mixture was quenched by the addition of a large excess of MeOH. After concentration in vacuo, the residue was purified by FC on sihca gel (EtOAc/hexanes, 1/9 — 1/1 then EtOAc/hexanes/ EtjN, 9/9/2) to afford the (l )-acetate (68.6% ee by chiral-GC) and the (5)-alcohol (96.0%ee by chiral-GC on the acetate obtained following esterification). The calculated selectivity value at 58.3% conversion was s = 20.2. 

The method described here Is based on the general method for such transesterifications. The best alcohol Is bulky or tertiary, a feature disfavored by most other methods. Thus tert-butyl alcohol, tert-amyl alcohol, lanosterol, cholesterol, fenchol, and borneol are highly effective. If... 

Addition of water and water mimics Addition of 4% H20 Thermolysin tert-Amyl alcohol 3 500 31... 

Materials 2M2B 2-methyl-2-butene HZSM-5 zeolite with MFI framework (lUPAC nomenclature) NaCaA zeolite with LTA framework (lUPAC nomenclature) NaX zeolites with FAU framework (lUPAC nomenclature) Pd/A Os alumina supported palladium catalyst TAME tert-amyl methyl ether or 2-methoxy-2-methylbutane TAOH tert-amyl alcohol or 2-methyl-butan-2-ol... 

Condensation of 7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthal-enone with tetramethylene dibromide by means of NaH in benzene or tert amyl alcohol gives 3,4-dihydro-7-methoxy-2,2-tetramethylene-1(2H)-naphthalene (bp (0,05 mbar) 120-123 °C), which is treated with acetonitrile and butyllithium in THF yielding 1-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,2-tetramethylene-1-naphthalene-acetonitrile (mp 140-142 °C). This compound is reduced with LiAIH4 in THF to afford hydro-2,2-tetramethylene-1-naphthol (mp 178-180 °C), and isomerized to 4a-(2-aminoethyl)-1,2,3,4,4a,9-hexahydro-6-methoxy-phenantrene i (mp 187 °C). 

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