Technological Surfaces

The nonwetting, self-cleaning, and anti-adhesive properties are due to the combination of surface architecture and surface chemistry. Hierarchical surface structures, i.e. a surface composed of a microstructure superposed by a nanostructure, together with a hydrophobic surface chemistry, are believed to be responsible for the properties of the surface. Those superior nonwetting properties are often called super or ultrahydrophobic.  

In this section, three examples of different man-made topographic patterns are presented (Figs. 22-24). Different materials such as copper and plates made of glass fibers or carbon fibers reinforced composites were used to characterize the fluid behavior in response to the different pattern characteristics. In all cases, the surfaces were coated with gold by sputtering. 

The first surface corresponds to a rough copper sample (Fig. 22(a)), prepared by electrochemical methods generating a dendrite-like spheroid rough structure, with different topographic feamres. To a minor degree, some copper-oxide might be present in the structure. In principle, the roughness and the chemical composition (due to 

In the other two examples, the samples were prepared starting from surfaces with smooth topography, and then several random rough patterns were obtained with a combination of spray adhesives and the deposition of glass spheres and carbon particles and then they were coated with gold by sputtering (Figs. 23-24). The base surface on 

All the results included in the present chapter emphasize the possibility of using RIMAPS and Variogram to obtain an accurate quantitative description of biological and bio inspired surfaces where the Variogram analysis provides the typical scale lengths that characterize a surface. 

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High technology surfaces (e.g., microelectronics) are often intentionally patterned, and light scattering may be used for subsequent characterization of the pattern. In... 

Maboudian, R. (1998) Surface processes in MEMS technology Surface Science Reports, 30 (6-8), 207-269. 

In coating technology, surfaces are coated to protect them from corrosion. This is usually done by a layer containing polymer, pigment, etc.. As a model system, thin polystyrene films on silicon oxide have been studied [150,151]. Does polystyrene form a stable layer or would you expect it to dewet the surfaces assuming that van der Waals forces dominate ... 

Stephenson IR. (2004) Some trends in the development of inkjet paper and other digital printing technologies. Surface Coatings International Part A 87(A3) 140. 

S T SAW SCPE SECNAV SORTS SRBSDS SWAT science and technology surface acoustic wave shipboard collective protection equipment Secretary of the Navy Status of Resources and Training System short-range biological detector system special weapons and tactics team... 

In a previous paper (Anderson and Benjamin accepted for publication in Environmental Science and Technology), surface and bulk characteristics of amorphous oxides of silica, aluminum, and iron, both singly and in binary mixtures were described. The solids were characterized with an array of complementary analytical and experimental techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, particle size distribution, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),... 

GaAs is another common substrate material in the semiconductor technology. Surfaces of GaAs need to be encapsulated by a buffer layer which must be deposited at temperatures below 500 °C. Otherwise, Ga agglomerates into droplets which cause thermal etching of the substrate and give rise to severe surface roughness [14.29]. The requirement of a low deposition temperature... 

J. Striimpfel Reactive DC High Rate Sputtering as Production Technology, Surface Coating Technol., 33 (1987) 405... 

S. Schiller, . Goedicke, J. Reschke, V. Kirchhoff, S. Schneider, F. Milde Pulsed Magnetron Sputter Technology, Surface Coating Technol., 61 (1993) 331... 

Precision Combustion Catalytica, TKK KK and Ib, fully catalytic Ila, hybrid, partial inactive catalyst Recuperative small-scale Gasoline or JET Natural gas Advanced Technology Surface Reactor Detailed composition is proprietary, 2-3 stages FeCrAl-metal monolith washcoated with metal oxide, first stage Pd Atm + Ultra-short channels yield low emissions, low pressure drop and good fuel efficiency + Prevent catalyst overtemperature, no second mixing —Control of post-catalytic autoignition delay time 19 15, 176, 177... 

National Institute of Standards and Technology Surface and Microanalysis Science Division, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8371 Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8371, USA... 

In the context of petroleum technology, surface chemistry deals with the surface properties of crude oil/air, crude oil/brine (or water) and crude oil/solid surfaces. Thus, surface tension, interfacial tension (IFT), contact angle, wetting and surface charge (zeta potential) are the parameters that one measures for surface... 

Reasonably known technology Surface technique—cleanliness... 

In this chapter, we described the role of each component in CMP slurry, and discussed the characterization of slurries for CMP. Since CMP was developed in the 1980s, many researchers have investigated CMP slurries in a variety of ways. However, there is still a need to understand more profoundly how the slurry characteristics affect CMP performance. These issues can be solved through a fundamental study of powder technology, surface chemistry, and colloidal chemistry. 

D surface profiles Z(x), although easier to determine, often do not adequately reflect the technological surface properties. Examples are found in the areas of formability and lubrication, where the presence of pit-like cavities favour the presence of lubricant-filled pockets that enhance lubrication [36]. Three-dimensional (3-D) surface data Z(x,y) may therefore be a more realistic approach to describe topography-related surface functionality [2]. 

Hutchins, C.L., Fine Pitch Stencil Technology, Surface Mount Technology, July 1996. 

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