Topographic patterns

Ilic, B. Craighead, H. G., Topographical patterning of chemically sensitive biological materi als using a polymer based dry lift off, Biomed. Microdevices 2000, 2, 317 322... 

The use of top-down lithographic techniques to topographically pattern substrates and thereby control the film thickness has been used to create submicron patterns that contain oriented microdomains. This approach is generally described as the graphoepitaxy method and will be discussed in further detail in Sect. 4.1, with other methods which use top-down approaches to control the bottom-up block copolymer patterns. 

Fig. 5 Schematic cross-sections of thin film morphologies of the topographic pattern grown by a graphoepitaxy method. A micropattern with different lamellar domain orientation is shown, a Surface-parallel lamellae, typical of film thickness t greater than the natural equilibrium period Lq. b Surface-perpendicular lamellae, typical of film thickness t less than L0. (adapted from [41])...

An interesting, but little-exploited, strategy is to use a regular thickness gradient created by patterned substrates in order to achieve complex sequenced microphase-separated structures within macroscopic topographic patterns [55, 56],... 

Figure 13.17 Schematic description of the NIL process to form chemical or topographically patterned SAMs. The nanoparticles were subsequently attached specifically onto the SAM by electrostatic...

Different topographical patterns of AMBI are associated with different vascular pathologies. Hemorheologic abnormalities or vascular anatomic variations may be contributing factors of AMBI in both hemispheres or in both the anterior and the posterior circulation (Roh et al. 2000). A scattered lesion pattern on DWI in patients with an initial negative CT is indicative of an arterial or embolic source and associated with favorable clinical outcome (Koennecke et al. 2001). Occlusion of the... 

Infarcts occurring as a consequence of cardiac arrest or severe hypotension (see Chap. 16) follow similar topographical patterns with bilateral lesions in the borderzones between the major cerebral arteries - a... 

In the Pleistocene-Holocene, the Black Sea underwent a series of intensive transgressions and regularities. At this stage, the topographic pattern inherited by recent marine-coastal features was formed, accompanied by the appearance of the shelf, marine terraces, and systems of underwater canyons on the continental slope. 

Craighead H G, James C D, Turner AMP (2001) Chemical and topographical patterning for directed cell attachment. Current Opinion in Solid State Materials Science 5 177-184... 

Bogousslavsky J (1991). Topographic patterns of cerebral infarcts correlation with aetiology. Cerebrovascular Diseases 1 61-68 Bryan RN, Levy LM, Whitlow WD et al. 

Fig. 2. Illustration of the concept of the active-area density used to describe patterned electrode surfaces (A) bare, flat electrode, (B and C) flat electrodes covered by resist patterns of different density, (D) electrode with topographic pattern. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher. The Electrochemical Society, Inc. [25]).

Substrate topographical patterns have also been shown to affect the differentiation of MSCs to nerve cells. Yim et al. investigated the differentiation and proliferation of hMSCs on nanogratings of 350 nm width and formd alignment and elongation of... 

Fig. 152. Diagrams showing the topographic pattern of the projections from the various mediolateral levels of the tuber vermis (lobule VII) and the paramedian lobule to the cerebellar nuclear complex in the rat. A. Schematic diagram of the posterior surface of the cerebellum and subdivision of the tuber vermis and paramedian lobule, based on the topography of their projections. B. Schematic sagittal diagrams of the nuclear complex showing the terminal fields which receive projections from the individual subdivisions of the tuber vermis and paramedian lobule. AIN = anterior interposed nucleus cm = caudomedial sub-division of the medial nucleus Cop. pyr = copula pyramidis DLH = dorsolateral hump DLP = dorsolateral protuberance of the medial nucleus LN = lateral cerebellar nucleus LVN = lateral vestibular nucleus m = medial nucleus PIN = posterior interposed nucleus Pml = paramedian lobule. Umetani (1989).

Chemical and Topographical Patterning to Enhance the Cellular Microenvironment 452... 

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