Taste disturbances

ACE inhibitors can be administered with diuretics (qv), cardiac glycosides, -adrenoceptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers. Clinical trials indicate they are generally free from serious side effects. The effectiveness of enalapril, another ACE inhibitor, in preventing patient mortaUty in severe (Class IV) heart failure was investigated. In combination with conventional dmgs such as vasodilators and diuretics, a 40% reduction in mortaUty was observed after six months of treatment using 2.5—40 mg/d of enalapril (141). However, patients complain of cough, and occasionally rash and taste disturbances can occur. 

Clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily or 1 g once daily (XL only) 1 5 mg/kg per day in 2 doses XL tablets reported to have fewer gastrointestinal problems and taste disturbances than twice-daily preparation... 

Propafenone Dizziness, fatigue, bronchospasm, headache, taste disturbances, nausea, vomiting, bradycardia or AV block, aggravation of underlying HF, conduction disturbances, or ventricular arrhylhmias... 

Q59 Cigarette smoking should stop completely before starting varenicline. Varenicline may cause dry mouth, taste disturbance and aphthous stomatitis as side-effects. 

Varenicline is a selective nicotine receptor partial agonist that is used in smoking cessation. It is started 1-2 weeks before target stop date. It may cause gastrointestinal disturbances, dry mouth, taste disturbance and, less commonly, aphthous stomatitis. 

D-penidllamine can promote the elimination of copper (e.g., in Wilson s disease) and of lead ions. It can be given orally. Two additional uses are cystinu-ria and rheumatoid arthritis. In the former, formation of cystine stones in the urinary tract is prevented because the drug can form a disulfide with cysteine that is readily soluble. In the latter, penicillamine can be used as a basal regimen (p. 320). The therapeutic effect may result in part from a reaction with aldehydes, whereby polymerization of collagen molecules into fibrils is inhibited. Unwanted effects are cutaneous damage (diminished resistance to mechanical stress with a tendency to form blisters), nephrotoxicity, bone marrow depression, and taste disturbances. 

Metformin ER (1% to 5%) - Abdominal distention, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, dyspepsia/heartburn, flatulence, headache, nausea/vomiting, taste disturbance, upper respiratory tract infection. 

Dimethyl Sulfoxide [DMSO] (Rimso-50) [GU Agent] Uses Interstitial cystitis Action Unknown Dose Intravesical, 50 mL, retain for 15 min repeat q2wk until relief Caution [C, ] Contra Component sensitivity Disp Soln SE Cystitis, eosinophilia, GI, taste disturbance Interactions -1-Effects OF sulindac EMS May cause garlic/onion taste in mouth OD Acute effects unlikely... 

Oral bioavailability is almost 100%. Metronidazole is protein bound for less than 20% and is widely distributed, including the CNS. It is metabolized in the liver with an elimination half-life of 8 hours. Common adverse effects include nausea, headache and taste disturbances. With alcohol a severe disulfiram-like reaction, with flushing, sweating and abdominal cramps will occur. 

Rash, arthralgia, myalgia, confusion, taste disturbances Serious Reactions... 

Oral Diarrhea, rash, dyspepsia, pruritus, taste disturbance, nausea, abdominal pain, flatulence, urticaria, visual disturbance Topical Irritation, burning, pruritus, dryness... 

Although the sulfhydryl group of captopril produced superb ACE inhibition, it also caused two side effects which are sometimes seen with sulphur-containing drugs skin rashes and a metallic taste disturbance. In an attempt to overcome these side effects. 

Adverse effects include weakness, fatigue, dizziness, headache, insomnia, hypotension, confusion, skin rash, constipation, nausea, anorexia, dry mouth and taste disturbance etc. 

Adverse effects include headache ankle edema, hypotension, dizziness, flushing, weight gain, nausea, GI disturbances including anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation diarrhoea and taste disturbances. Occasionally there is gingival hyperplasia, skin rash and transient elevation in liver enzyme values. 

Side effects include headache, fatigue, drowsiness, nausea, tachycardia, palpitations, dry mouth, GIT disturbances, taste disturbances, photosensitivity, dysmenor-rhoea and menstrual disorders. 

Adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, dry mouth, taste disturbances headache, dizziness, insomnia myalgia, rash, pruritus, dry skin, hyperpigmentation, nephrolithiasis, dysuria, haematuria, crystalluria, proteinuria elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin, hepatitis neutropenia, haemolytic anaemia and hyperglycaemia etc. 

Adverse effects are irritation, burning, itching and dryness on topical application. Oral intake causes gastric upset, rash, taste disturbance and hepatic dysfunction. 

Sialadenitis and taste disturbances Nausea and abdominal pain Skin rashes... 

Taste disturbance has been described in patients taking antithyroid drugs and has been attributed to zinc deficiency (SEDA-7, 398 SEDA-11, 357). 

Other side effects, not related to ACE inhibition, include ageusia and other taste disturbances (especially in the elderly), neutropenia, and maculopapular rash. 

Intranasal corticosteroids are safe if used correctly. Adverse effects are usually localised and include dryness, irritation and nose bleed (which may require stopping treatment for a period). Rarely, ulceration and nasal septal perforation (usually after nose surgery) can occur. Headaches, smell and taste disturbances, and hypersensitivity reactions have been reported. 

MEXILETINE ANTICANCER AND IMMUNOMODULATING DRUGS-IMATINIB Imatinib may cause an T in plasma concentrations of mexiletine and a risk of toxic effects, e.g. nausea, vomiting, constipation, taste disturbances, dizziness and confusion Imatinib is a potent inhibitor of CYP2D6 isoenzymes, which metabolize mexiletine Mexiletine is used for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Close monitoring of BP and ECG is mandatory, and watch for signs and symptoms of heart failure... 

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS IMATINIB t plasma concentrations of imatinib when is co-administered with dilti-azem, nifedipine or verapamil, t risk of toxicity (e.g. abdominal pain, constipation and dyspnoea) and of neurotoxicity (e.g. taste disturbances, dizziness, headache, paraesthesias and peripheral neuropathy) Due to inhibition of hepatic metabolism of imatinib by the CYP3A4 isoenzymes by diltiazem Monitor for clinical efficacy and for the signs of toxicity listed along with convulsions, confusion and signs of oedema (including pulmonary oedema). Monitor electrolytes and liver function, and for cardiotoxicity... 

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