Metallic taste

The metallic taste (12,19,20) is not ascribed to any special taste buds or mouth area. Along with pungency (the hot taste of peppers), astringency (the puckering taste of alum), and cold taste (the cool effect of menthol), the metallic taste is called a common chemical sense (21). 

Workers who produce or use lead should be aware of possible ha2ards. Symptoms of chronic lead poisoning include fatigue, headache, constipation, uneasy stomach, irritabiHty, poor appetite, metallic taste, weight loss, and loss of sleep. Most of these same symptoms also occur in many common illnesses, such as the flu, thus a physician must rely on tests, such as blood lead analysis, to determine chronic lead poisoning. 

The unusual physical complaints and findings in workers overexposed to teUurium include somnolence, anorexia, nausea, perspiration, a metallic taste in the mouth and garlic-like odor on the breath (48). The unpleasant odor, attributed to the formation of dimethyl teUuride, has not been associated with any adverse health symptoms. Tellurium compounds and metaboUc products have been identified in exhaled breath, sweat, urine, and feces. Elimination is relatively slow and continuous exposure may result in some accumulation. No definite pathological effects have been observed beyond the physical complaints outlined. Unlike selenium, teUurium has not been proved to be an essential biological trace element. 

Because traces of iron reduce the brilliance of many dyes, wood tanks have long been preferred to steel in the manufacture of dyes. Similarly, vinegar and sour foodstuffs are processed in wood tanks because common metals impart a metallic taste. Ease of fabrication may be the reason for using wood tanks in less accessible areas to which ready-made tanks of other materials caimot be easily moved. 

Patients taking propafenone may experience a metallic taste after ingesting the dmg (32). 

The stiffness of pure titanium can be increased slightly by alloying alloys such as Ti—6A1—4V may be specified for partial dentures requiring additional rigidity. Titanium appHances do not tarnish or corrode in the mouth, have no metallic taste, and are easy to clean because plaque and calculus do not adhere to them. The relatively low thermal conductivity of titanium (relatively close to that of tooth enamel) gives these appHances a seemingly natural feel in the mouth and minimises thermal sensitivity (175). 

It is possible to carry out such oxidation processes as the conversion of acetaldehyde to acetic acid, or methyl alcohol to formaldehyde in aluminum plants, thus avoiding boiling anhydrous acids. The metal is especially valuable for handling delicate chemicals, which must not acquire metallic taste or color. For these reasons, aluminum has found extensive use in the food, dairy, brewing and fishing industries. 

Anti-cholinergics Tiotropium bromide remains bound to M3-receptors for up to 36 h, and requires only daily intake, whereas other anti-cholinergics (e.g. ipratropium, oxytropium) have to be given up to four-times daily and are often used as maintenance treatment. Possible side-effects are dry mouth, metallic taste after inhalation and very rarely close-angle glaucoma. 

More than half of the patients receiving this drug by the parenteral route experience some adverse reaction. Severe and sometimes life-threatening reactions include leukopenia (low white blood cell count), hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), and hypotension (low blood pressure). Moderate or less severe reactions include changes in some laboratory tests, such as the serum creatinine and liver function tests. Other adverse reactions include anxiety, headache, hypotension, chills, nausea, and anorexia Aerosol administration may result in fatigue a metallic taste in the mouth, shortness of breath, and anorexia... 

The nurse inspects the patient s mouth daily for ulceration of the mucous membranes. A metallic taste may be noted before stomatitis becomes evident. The nurse advises the patient to inform the primary health care provider or nurse if a metallic taste occurs. Good oral care is necessary. The teeth should be brushed after each meal and the mouth rinsed with plain water to remove food particles. Mouthwash may also be used, but excessive use may result in oral infections due to the destruction of the normal bacteria present in the mouth. 

Contact the primary health care provider if a metallic taste is noted. 

Benzodiazepine withdrawal may occur when use of the antianxiety drugs is abruptly discontinued after 3 to 4 months of therapy. Occasionally, withdrawal symptoms may occur after as little as 4 to 6 weeks of therapy. Symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal include increased anxiety, concentration difficultiesi, tremor, and sensory disturbances, such as paresthesias photophobia, hypersomnia, and metallic taste. To help prevent withdrawal symptoms, the nurse must make sure the dosage of the benzodiazepine is gradually decreased over a period of time, usually 4 to 6 weeks... 

Rash, swelling of salivary glands, "iodism (metallic taste, burning mouth and throat, sore teeth and gums, symptoms of a head cold, diarrhea, nausea), allergic reactions (fever, joint pains, swelling of parts of face and body)... 

Discontinue die use of tiiis drug and notify die primary healdi care provider if any of the following occur skin rash, metallic taste in die mouth, swelling and soreness in front of die ears, sore teetii and gums, severe gastrointestinal distress, or symptoms of a head cold. 

Inhaled anticholinergics are well tolerated with the most common adverse effect being dry mouth. Occasional metallic taste has also been reported with ipratropium. Other anticholinergic adverse effects include constipation, tachycardia, blurred vision, and precipitation of narrow-angle glaucoma symptoms. Urinary retention could be a problem, especially for those with concurrent bladder outlet obstruction. 

Clarithromycin 15 mg/kg per day in 2 doses (adult 250 mg twice daily) Diarrhea, vomiting, rash, abnormal taste, abdominal pain SJ Many drug interactions (inhibits cytochrome P-450 3A4) suspension cannot be refrigerated and has metallic taste same microbiologic issues as azithromycin... 

Metronidazole maybe administered orally as a single 2-g dose or 500 mg twice daily for 7 days.17 Pregnant women should be prescribed the single dose of metronidazole. Cure rates are greater than 90% when metronidazole is administered as either a single 2-g dose or a 7-day regimen. Possible adverse effects include an unpleasant metallic taste, reversible neutropenia, urticaria, rash, flushing, dry mouth, darkened urine, and a disulfiram-like reaction. 

Various studies demonstrate the successful use of tinida-zole for metronidazole-resistant trichomoniasis.19 Possible side effects include a metallic taste, dizziness, loss of coordination, seizures, severe diarrhea, darkened urine, nausea, vomiting, and a swollen or discolored tongue. 

Metronidazole Nausea/vomiting Metallic taste Refrain from using alcoholic beverages potential for disulfiram-like reaction Substrate for CYP2C9 and inhibitor of CYP2C9, 3A3/4 and 3A5-7 potential interactions may include warfarin (enhanced prothrombin time) and lithium (increased concentrations)... 

A 35-year-old woman presents to your clinic complaining of "burning and soreness in my mouth" along with a metallic taste and "this funny white stuff." On initial examination, she has white patches on her tongue, gums, and buccal mucosa. These patches are easily removed, revealing erythematous tissue underneath. 

Crixivan 400-mg caps IDV 800 mg + RTV 100 bid IDV 800 mg + RTV 200 mg bid insufficiency due to cirrhosis 600 mg q8hours Take 1 hour before or 2 hours after heavy meals, or concomitantly with low-fat meal No restrictions when used with RTV nausea indirect hyperbilirubinemia hyperlipidemia headache, asthenia, blurred vision, dizziness, rash, metallic taste, thrombocytopenia, alopecia, hemolytic anemia hyperglycemia fat maldistribution increased bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia (less than RTV)... 

Lactose is normally encountered as a component of any skim milk that is used in bakery products. Small quantities of crystalline lactose are sometimes used in baked goods. If a product is made with too much lactose then a metallic taste appears. The amount of lactose that can be consumed without this taste appearing varies between individuals. 

Penicillamine onset may be seen in 1 to 3 months, and most responses occur within 6 months. Early adverse effects include skin rash, metallic taste, hypogeusia, stomatitis, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and dyspepsia. Glomerulonephritis may occur, which manifests as proteinuria and hematuria. Penicillamine is usually reserved for patients who are resistant to other therapies because of the rare but potentially serious induction of autoimmune diseases (e.g., Goodpasture s syndrome, myasthenia gravis). 

Mithra mycin 25 mcg/kg IV over 4-6 hours 12 hours Decreased liver function renal insufficiency diarrhea metallic taste Nausea/vomiting stomatitis thrombocytopenia nephrotox-... 

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