Visual disturbance

In humans, cases of dermatitis have been described after contact with DHBs. Combined exposure to hydroquinone and quinone airborne concentrations causes eye irritation, sensitivity to light, injury of the corneal epithelium, and visual disturbances (126). Cases with an appreciable loss of vision have occurred (127). Long-term exposure causes staining due to irritation or allergy of the conjunctiva and cornea and also opacities. Resorcinol and catechol are also irritants for eyes. 

Adverse reactions to digoxin include anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, headaches, visual disturbances, and cardiac arrhythmias. Allergic reaction such as urticaria, skin emptions, fever, and edema have been reported (87). 

ETHAMBUTOL The nurse monitors for any changes in visual acuity and promptiy reports any visual changes to tlie primary health care provider. Vision changes are usually reversible if tlie drug is discontinued as soon as symptoms appear. The patient may need assistance with ambulation if visual disturbances occur. Psychic disturbances may occur. If die patient appears depressed, withdrawn, noncommunicative, or has otiier personality changes, the nurse must report the problem to the primary health care provider. 

Adverse reactions of amantadine include gastrointestinal upset with nausea and vomiting, anorexia, asthenia (weakness, loss of strength), constipation, depression, visual disturbances, psychosis, urinary retention, and orthostatic hypotension. 

The adverse reactions associated witii die administration of chloroquine (Aralen HC1 and phosphate) and hydroxychloroquine include hypotension, electrocardiographic changes, visual disturbances, headache, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. 

The use of quinine can cause cinchonism at full therapeutic doses. Cinchonism is a group of symptoms associated with quinine, including tinnitus, dizziness, headache, gastrointestinal disturbances, and visual disturbances. These symptoms usually disappear when the dosage is reduced. Other adverse reactions include hematologic changes, vertigo, and skin rash. 

Monitoring and Managing Adverse Reactions The nurse monitors for adverse reactions associated with die antimalarial drag s, such as dizziness, hypotension, and visual disturbances. Other adverse reactions are listed in die Summary Drug Table Antimalarial Drugp. 

DISTUR0ED SENSORY PERCEPTION VISUAL. The patient taking chloroquine may experience a number of visual disturbances, such as disturbed color vision, blurred vision, night blindness, diminished visual fields, or optic atrophy. The nurse questions die patient about visual disturbances. 

The nurse reports any visual disturbance in patients taking chloroquine to the primary health care provider. Irreversible retinal damage has occurred in patients on long-term therapy with these drugs. 

Gl pain, headache, dizziness, somnolence, insomnia, rash Dizziness, tiredness, nausea, dyspepsia, rash, constipation, bleeding, diarrhea Dizziness, visual disturbances, headache, nausea, vomiting, gastric or duodenal ulcer formation, Gl bleeding... 

Special senses—visual disturbances, blurred or diminished vision, diplopia, swollen or irritated eyes, photophobia, reversible loss of color vision, tinnitus, taste change, and rhinitis... 

The NSAIDs may cause visual disturbances. The nurse reports any complaints of blurred or diminished vision or changes in color vision to the primary health care provider. Corneal deposits and retinal disturbances may also occur. The primary health care provider may discontinue therapy if ocular changes are noted. Blurred vision may be significant and warrants thorough examination. 

OXAZOLIDINEDIONES. Drowsiness is the most common adverse reaction and, as with the other anticonvulsants, tends to subside with continued use Visual disturbances may also occur. The patient with a visual disturbance is assisted with ambulation and oriented carefully to the environment. The nurse ensures that the environment is safe The patient may be especially sensitive to bright lights and may want the room light to be kept dim. Because photosensitivity can occur, the nurse must keep the patient out of the sun. The nurse instructs the patient to use sunscreens and protective clothing until the individual effects of the drug are known. 

Notify the primary care provider if the following reactions occur visual disturbances, excessive drowsiness or dizziness, sore throat, fever, skin rash, pregnancy, malaise, easy bruising, epistaxis, or bleeding tendencies. 

The most common adverse reactions seen with pramipexole and ropinirole include nausea, dizziness, postural hypotension, hallucinations, somnolence, vomiting, confusion, visual disturbances, abnormal involuntary movements, and headache... 

Transient mild drowsiness, sedation, nausea, depression, lethargy, apathy, confusion, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, incontinence, visual disturbances Transient mild drowsiness, sedation, nausea, depression, lethargy, apathy, confusion, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, incontinence, visual disturbances... 

Transient mild drowsiness, sedation, nausea, depression, lethargy, apathy, confusion, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, incontinence, visual disturbances... 

Sedation and dry mouth are the most common adverse reactions seen with the use of TCAs. Tolerance to these effects develops with continued use. Orthostatic hypotension can occur with the administration of the TCAs. Orthostatic hypotension is a drop in blood pressure of 20 to 30 points when a person changes position, such as going from a lying position to a standing position. Mental confusion, lethargy, disorientation, rash, nausea, vomiting, constipation, urinary retention, visual disturbances, photosensitivity, and nasal congestion also may be seen. Sexual dysfunction may occur with administration of clomipramine. 

Headache, weakness, drowsiness, visual disturbances, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arrhythmias... 

Central nervous system-headache, apathy, drowsiness, visual disturbances (blurred vision, disturbance in yellow/green vision, halo effect around dark objects), mental depression, confusion, disorientation, delirium... 

Category X) and lactation. The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are used cautiously in patients with a history of alcoholism, acute infection, hypotension, trauma, endocrine disorders, visual disturbances, and myopathy. 

Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, rash, drowsiness, dizziness, photosensitivity reactions, blurred vision, weakness, and headache may occur with the administration of nalidixic acid. Visual disturbances, when they occur, are noted after each dose and often disappear after a few days of therapy. 

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