Synthetic organic research

Adapted from Strukil V, Igrc MD, Fabian L, Eckert-Maksic M, Childs SL, Reid DG, et al. A model for a solvent-free synthetic organic research laboratory cUck-mechanosynthesis and structural characterization of thioureas without bulk solvents. Green Chem 2012 14 2462-73 with permission from the Royal Society... 

In a number of the sequences, the stereochemistry of the reactions is vitally important and controlled by the mechanisms that are operating under the prescribed conditions. This aspect of the transformations is discussed in detail. By performing one or aU six of these multistep sequences you wiU have a chance to challenge your experimental technique under conditions essentially identical to those found in the modem synthetic organic research laboratory. You will quickly recognize the reason why laboratory technique is so vital to the success of multistep syntheses. 

Asymmetric organocatalysis is one of the most important focal areas in organic synthesis. Extensive efforts have been made for the development of new advantageous chiral organocatalysts applicable in a broad variety of reaction types and their preparation continues to be an important area of synthetic organic research. The impressive number of reports dealing with the use of chiral organocatalysts for asymmetric synthesis is well representative of the success of such catalysts to promote numerous catalytic transformations. 

K. C. Nicolaou was bom in 1946 in Cyprus. He studied chemistry at the University of London (B.Sc., 1969 Ph.D., 1972), Columbia University (postdoctoral research) and Harvard University (postdoctoral research). Between 1976 and 1989 he was a faculty member at the University of Pennsylvania. He currently holds joint appointments at The Scripps Research Institute, where he is the Darlene Shiley Professor of Chemistry and Chairman of the Department of Chemistry, and at the University of California, San Diego, where he is Professor of Chemistry. His research interests span the areas of synthetic organic chemistry, bioorganic chemistiy, molecular design, and the chemistry and biology of natural products. 

This area of research has only recently attracted the attention of synthetic organic chemists, but there has been a flurry of impressive activity in the area. Simple (i. e., unstabilized) carbenes suffer from many of the problems of nitrenes (vide infra) and most reported synthetically useful procedures use carbenoids the majority of recent reports have focussed upon reactions between a-diazoesters and imines in the presence of a range of catalysts. In one of the earliest reports of enantioselective carbene-imine reactions, for instance, Jacobsen and Finney reported that ethyl diazoacetate reacts with N-arylaldimines in the presence of cop-per(i) hexafluorophosphate with mediocre stereoselectivity to give N-arylaziridine carboxylates. Though the diastereoselectivities of the reaction were often acceptable (usually >10 1, in favor of the cis isomers) the observed enantioselectivity was low (no more than 44% ee Scheme 4.27) [33],... 

It is logical to discover Art more frequently at the frontier of science, where most innovation and creativity takes place. For organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research is on one of the frontiers. In pharmaceutical research laboratories, synthetic organic chemistry plays a major role in two departments, namely Medicinal... 

WASP/TOXIWASP/WASTOX. The Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP, 3)is a generalized finite-difference code designed to accept user-specified kinetic models as subroutines. It can be applied to one, two, and three-dimensional descriptions of water bodies, and process models can be structured to include linear and non-linear kinetics. Two versions of WASP designed specifically for synthetic organic chemicals exist at this time. TOXIWASP (54) was developed at the Athens Environmental Research Laboratory of U.S. E.P.A. WASTOX (55) was developed at HydroQual, with participation from the group responsible for WASP. Both codes include process models for hydrolysis, biolysis, oxidations, volatilization, and photolysis. Both treat sorption/desorption as local equilibria. These codes allow the user to specify either constant or time-variable transport and reaction processes. 

In our opinion, this approach provides not only a clear overview of the existing domino reactions, but also helps to develop new domino reactions and to initiate ingenious independent research projects in this important field of synthetic organic chemistry. 

The total synthesis of calicheamicin y/ by the research group of K. C. Nicolaou (The Scripps Research Institute, University of California, San Diego) represents a stunning achievement in synthetic organic chemistry. 

The operation of industrial scale synthetic organic chemistry in an environmentally acceptable manner requires that all these effluent categories be dealt with properly. In small scale operations in a research or academic setting, provision should be made for dealing with the more environmentally offensive categories. 

John Sheehan s major research achievements are described in some 150 synthetic papers which cover not only penicillin, but peptides, antibiotics, alkaloids and steroids. For these scientific contributions John received several high honors including the American Chemical Society award in Pure Chemistry (1951), the American Chemical Society award for Creative Work in Synthetic Organic Chemistry... 

Technology Vision 2020 The U.S. Chemical Industry, The American Chemical Society, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, The Chemical Manufacturers Association, The Council for Chemical Research, and the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association, Washington, D.C., 1996. 

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