Supervision indirect

Companies usually include in the charge for overhead the following items operating supphes, supervision, indirect payroll expenses, plant protection, plant office, general plant overhead, and control laboratory. This overhead charge is frequently taken as an equivalent percentage of the direc t labor cost. 

Total direct cipsts Engineering and supervision Indirect costs 4-21... 

Management Functional staff Factory supervision Indirect labor... 

The manufacturing cost consists of direct, indirect, distribution, and fixed costs. Direct costs are raw materials, operating labor, production supervision, utihties, suppHes, repair, and maintenance. Typical indirect costs include payroll overhead, quaHty control, storage, royalties, and plant overhead, eg, safety, protection, personnel, services, yard, waste, environmental control, and other plant categories. However, environmental control costs are frequendy set up as a separate account and calculated direcdy. The principal distribution costs are packaging and shipping. Fixed costs, which are insensitive to production level, include depreciation, property taxes, rents, insurance, and, in some cases, interest expense. 

Article 3 provides the criteria for classifying a medicinal product as subject to medical prescription. These are products that are likely to present a danger either directly or indirectly, even when used correctly, if utilised without medical supervision or are frequently and to a very wide extent used incorrectly, and as a result are likely to present a direct or indirect danger to human health or contain substances or preparations thereof, the activity and/or adverse reactions of which require further investigation or are normally prescribed by a doctor to be administered parenterally. Thus a medicinal product that meets any of these criteria is subject to a medical prescription and a medicinal product that does not meet these criteria is not subject to a medical prescription. 

It is also possible to understand the fixed capital cost as the sum of direct and indirect costs. Direct costs are the installed-equipment costs plus the price of plants built separately from the production line, where utilities, such as steam, are produced. Indirect costs contain engineering costs, fees, supervision costs, etc. [15] that the investor needs to sustain during plant construction. 

Definitive estimates. Definitive cost estimates are the most time-consuming and difficult to prepare, but they are also the most accurate. These estimates require preparation of plot plans, detailed flow sheets, and preliminary construction drawings. Scale models are sometimes used. All material and equipment is listed and priced. The number of labor hours for each construction activity is estimated. Indirect field costs, such as crane rentals, costs of tools, and supervision, are also estimated. This type of estimate usually results in an accuracy of 5%. 

The second step is to estimate the direct installation costs by summing all the cost factors involved in the direct installation costs, which include piping, insulation, foundation and supports, and so on. The sum of these factors is designated as the DCF (direct installation cost factor). The direct installation costs are then the product of the DCF and X. The third step consists of estimating the indirect installation cost. Here all the cost factors for the indirect installation costs (engineering and supervision, startup, construction fees, and so on) are added the sum is designated by ICF (indirect installation cost factor). The indirect installation costs are then the product of ICF and X. Once the direct and indirect installation costs have been calculated, the total capital cost (TCC) may be evaluated as follows ... 

Another expense which is included under indirect plant cost is the item of construction or field expense and includes temporary construction and operation, construction tools and rentals, home office personnel located at the construction site, construction payroll, travel and living, taxes and insurance, and other construction overhead. This expense item is occasionally included under equipment installation, or more often under engineering, supervision, and construction. If construction or field expenses are to be estimated separately, then Table 15 will be useful in establishing the variation in percent of fixed-capital investment for this indirect cost. For ordinary chemical-process... 

Another indirect and surely the most conclusive source to determine the quantities of hydrogen cyanide used are the gassing times attested to by the witnesses. These times are consistently a matter of minutes,127 and it is no doubt justified to wonder how the witnesses could possibly know this, since according to the conventional accounts the gas chamber doors had at most one peephole, which SS physicians allegedly availed themselves of to supervise the proceedings.128 Such witnesses would thus be the only ones not reporting from hearsay. In his 1992 report Professor G. 

Indirect Labor, Supervision fringe Benefits Medical Facilities Fire, Safety, Security Waste Treatment Facilities Packaging Polities Restaurant Facilities Recreation Facilities Salvage Services Quality Control Laboratories Shij g, Receiving Facilities Storage Facilities Maintenance Facilities... 

The direct hours must be adjusted by adding 15% to account for supervision and miscellaneous indirect craft labor plus the contingency or growth factor included in the estimate. 

If construction is to be executed on a direct-hire basis, the labor costs should include only the basic labor rate. All other labor-related costs (PAC s, fringe benefits, supervision, rental equipment, etc.) should be included with the field indirects. 

In lump sum contracts and subcontracts, even if all field indirects should be included, the Project Manager must ascertain that they really are and that adequate supervision and support are provided to insure proper execution. Appendix I is also a good tool for that purpose. 

A 22-year-old woman with mild asthma developed severe laryngospasm and bronchoconstriction after a fourth and subsequent doses of nebulized salbutamol, given during an acute episode of asthma. Her symptoms responded to adrenaline, but recurred after supervised rechallenge with nebulized orciprenaline (metaproter-enol) sulfate. Indirect laryngoscopy excluded vocal cord dysfunction, suggesting that her symptoms of severe wheeze, respiratory distress, and hypoxia were due to bronchoconstriction. 

As 1n any economic study certain assumptions must be made. It 1s not the Intent of this paper to analyze cost factors 1n fine detail, but rather to examine and compare the major direct cost contributors 1n molding large plastic parts by these major process techniques. These direct cost factors are productivity, raw materials, process energy, tooling, flxturlng, hourly labor and capital. Indirect costs that are based on these direct cost Items are not considered 1n this study. Such Indirect Items Include supervision, maintenance, general plant overhead, Insurance, taxes and building depreciation. 

The protocol governs not only the time the doctor spends with the patient but also the quality of the time spent and the various procedures that are associated with the study. Some of these may not be supervised by the investigator, or at least only indirectly (e.g. X-rays, ECG, etc.), whereas others... 

There are a number of activities that may be seen as being not, or only indirectly, related to study conduct, or they may at least not be ascribable to any individual study. Qn the other hand, many of the activities and responsibilities of Quality Assurance are directly related to the supervision and control of specific studies. It is this latter interconnection of the work of Quality Assurance with the work of the Study Director and the study personnel that necessitates two important provisions for Quality Assurance personnel The independence from the study conduct, and the familiarity with the study procedures. 

Cost of Goods Sold. The cost of goods sold represents the cash operating expenses for raw materials, labor, utilities, supplies, supervision, maintenance, waste disposal, plant indirect expanses, and so on. 

The thickness of the incandescent wire changes continuously during the reaction, so that careful supervision of the process and good electrical control are imperative. This disadvantage is circumvented in Rolsten s modification of the process, wherelqr the volatile iodide of the metal is decomposed at 750-1100°C in an indirectly heated fused quartz (or Vycor) tube. 

Already when only coke oven gas was distributed, calorimeters became widely in use for quality control. Up to now calorimetry is the only officially permitted method to determine heating values. This is due to the fact, that relevant german law requires officially licensed and supervised equipment for measuring values, which are used directly or indirectly ( ) for accounting purposes. Cutler Hammer Calorimeters e.g. have such a hcense for FRG. 

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