Static test method

In the static test method, the affinity is also determined visually by recording the degree of bitumen coverage of the aggregate particles after leaving the coated aggregates in water for a certain period. 

This static test is simple but subjective and suitable for routine testing for all types of aggregates with respect to their hardness. 

Once full aggregate coating is achieved, a glycerol and dextrine mixture (50%/50%) is sprayed on the mix and the loose mixture is left for 1 h 5 min in one or two trays. 

After the above time has passed, the loose bituminous mixture is covered with distilled water at a stable temperature of 19°C 1 C for 48 1 h. After immersion, the water is removed and the loose mixture is dried at 19 C 9°C. Then, each particle is examined for incomplete coating by the binder. If more than three aggregate particles in a sample have an incomplete binder coating, the test is repeated on three more samples. 

During testing the number of particles with an incomplete coating of binder is recorded each time and the average value is determined and reported as the final result. The quantity of bitumen used is also recorded and reported. More information is given in CEN EN 12697-11 (2012). 

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Tamopol skii, Y.M., Kinds, T. Static Test Methods for Composites (1981) New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold... 

White W. W., Ill, I pakko K. A., and Cox R. L. (1999) Static-test methods most commonly used to predict acid-mine drainage practical guidelines for use and interpretation. In The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits Part A. Processes, Techniques, and Health Issues, (eds. G. S. Plumlee and M. J. Logsdon). Rev. Econ. Geol. 6A, pp. 325-338. 

Johnston spent nearly two days at the Chemsultants facility in Mentor, Ohio, to work with McCann on a variety of testing methodologies that could evaluate situations where PSA tape products are expected to withstand very small stresses over a long period of time—especially where standard speeds or static test methods may not define the performance of the tape very well. The goal of the work was to employ small stresses (low weight or force) and/or very slow rates (such as 0.02 in./min) to reveal differences in the product performance or potential causes of product issues that may not be apparent when employing standard PSA test methods. 

Varley RJ, van der Zwaag S (2008) Development of a quasi-static test method to investigate the origin of self-healing in ionmners under ballistic conditions. Polym Test 27 11-19... 

The combination of conductive flooring 7/ia conductive footwear is the preferred method of grounding. Untreated concrete flooring with conductive footwear is usually adequate, but its conductivity should be measured (Fowler and Klein, Static Phenomena and Test Methods for Static Gontrolled Floors, EOS/ESD Symposium Proceedings, pp. 27-38, 1992). Where this method is impractical, personnel grounding devices are available. 

The maximum effective energy of a static discharge can be compared with the MIE of a dust to determine whether ignition is probable, as discussed in Chapters 2 and 3. MIE test methods are described in S-5.4.2 and special considerations discussed in 6-1.3 through 6-1.5. At the time of writing, ASTM was close to development of a standard for dust MIE measurement. 

Test methods available are the free-running test (galvanic cell), galvano-static test (constant current) and potentiostatic test (constant potential). These are always run in conjunction with visual examinations with particular emphasis on dissolution pattern. 

Static and dynamic property The uses of these foams or porous solids are used in a variety of applications such as energy absorbers in addition to buoyant products. Properties of these materials such as a compressive constitutive law or equation of state is needed in the calculation of the dynamic response of the material to suddenly applied loads. Static testing to provide such data is appealing because of its simplicity, however, the importance of rate effects cannot be determined by this one method alone. Therefore, additional but numerically limited elevated strain-rate tests must be run for this purpose. 

Both static and dynamic tests are employed to evaluate the adhesion strength of cord-mbber composites. The major static tests used in tire industry are H-adhesion, 90/180° peel test, tire cord adhesion test (TCAT) and co-axial shear pull-out test (CSPT). Although these methods are... 

Since ozone attack on rubber is essentially a surface phenomenon, the test methods involve exposure of the rubber samples under static and/or dynamic strain, in a closed chamber at a constant temperature, to an atmosphere containing a given concentration of ozone. Cured test pieces are examined periodically for cracking. 

Static fluid loss measurements, which are the present standardized testing method, provide inadequate results for comparing fracturing fluid materials or for understanding the complex mechanisms of viscous fluid invasion, filter-cake formation, and filter-cake erosion [ 1806]. On the other hand, dynamic fluid loss studies have inadequately addressed the development of proper laboratory methods, which has led to erroneous and conflicting results. 

The plastic properties of a material are often determined by an indentation test [28]. Both static and dynamic test methods are available, but all generally determine the pressure necessary to cause permanent and nonrecoverable deformation. 

The toxic potencies of many materials have been measured using a variety of the toxicity test methods. Comparison of toxic potency results between the various methods is, in most cases, meaningless. The frequent lack of agreement between methods is due to different methods of combustion, species of animals, and experimental apparatus (i.e., open or closed devices also referred to as dynamic or static systems). 

During the 1970 s and early 1980 s a large number of test methods were developed to measure the toxic potency of the smoke produced from burning materials. The ones most widely used are in refs. 29-32. These tests differ in several respects the conditions under which the material is burnt, the characteristics of the air flow (i.e. static or dynamic), the type of method used to evaluate smoke toxicity (i.e. analytical or bioassay), the animal model used for bioassay tests, and the end point determined. As a consequence of all these differences the tests result in a tremendous variation of ranking for the smoke of various materials. A case in point was made in a study of the toxic potency of 14 materials by two methods [33]. It showed (Table I) that the material ranked most toxic by one of the protocols used was ranked least toxic by the other protocol Although neither of these protocols is in common use in the late 1980 s, it illustrates some of the shortcomings associated with small scale toxic potency of smoke tests. 

Gersich, F.M. 1984. Evaluation of a static renewal chronic toxicity test method for Daphnia magna Straus using boric acid. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 3 89-94. 

Container-closure integrity of (product name) USP was performed on the stability batches produced in support of this submission per standard test method no. (specify number), Container/Closure Integrity Testing with Analysis via UV Spectrophotometry, included as (provide reference attachment number). The testing of the (product name) USP vials was performed under static conditions. Vials were immersed in a dye bath. The product in the vials was then tested for the presence of dye. The container/closure integrity testing yielded acceptable results. The final report for the container/ closure integrity test for (product name) is included in (provide reference attachment number). 

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