Spray Releases

Spray and mists releases generally behave like a gas or vapor release. The fuel is highly atomized and mixed with air. Sprays or mists can easily be ignited, even below the flash point temperature of the material involved, since mixing of the fuel with the air has already occurred. 

Liquids under pressure (pipeline leaks, pump seal failures, etc.), will be thrown some distance from the point source, while atmospheric leakages will emit at the point of release. The other characteristic of liquid releases is their flash points. High flash point liquids, not operating above their flash point temperatures, are inherently safer than low flash point liquids. Most liquid fires are relatively easy to contain and suppress while gas fires are prone to explosion possibilities if extinguished and source points are not isolated. 

Leaks and Drips Leaks and drips are characterized by small diameter releases of high frequencies. They are typically caused by corrosion and erosion failures of piping, mechanical and maintenance failures of gaskets and valves. 

Streams Medium size releases of moderate to low frequencies. Typically small diameter pipe openings that have not be adequately closed, i.e., sample or drain lines. 

Sprays and Mists Medium sized releases of moderate frequencies that are mixed immediately in to air upon release. Typically pipe gasket, pump seal and valve stem failures under high pressure. On occasion releases occur from flare stacks. 

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Deluge - The immediate release of a commodity, usually referring to a water spray release for fire suppression purposes. 

Martin, J. W. 1973- Pickens County aerial spray release study. Four year Progress Rep., American Can Co., Butler, Ala. 4 p. 

Because so much of the aerial spray operation Is related to and dependent on drop size characteristics It follows that more accurate knowledge of drop size and size range of the released sprays would be desirable. Also specific effects on drop size from atomizer type, formulations and installation on the aircraft would not only enable more accurate evaluation of specific systems and spray releases, but could also be used to aid In prediction of the swath and downwind transport regime for these releases. 

The data sets reviewed, document our knowledge on the deposition of aerial sprays released over coniferous forests. Conifers are relatively efficient collectors of spray drops as more drops are consistently observed on the ground in open areas than beneath trees. Spray which penetrates the upper canopy, and is unaccounted for on samplers in the lower canopy, probably was filtered out by foliage. More deposits are observed in the upper crown than in the lower crown. Data are lacking, however, on the fate of drops which do not penetrate the canopy. There is a potential for these drops to penetrate the canopy downwind or to drift off target. 

Akesson, N. and Cowden, R. Metallic Salts as Tracers for Spray Deposit Applications. In USDA Tech. Bull. 1596. Methods for Sampling and Assessing Deposits of Insecticidal Sprays Released over Forests. USDA, Washington, DC., 1978 pp. 107-112. 

Barry, J. W. in "Method for Sampling and Assessing Deposits of Insecticidal Sprays Released Over Forests" U. S. Department of Agriculture. Technical Bulletin No. 1596, 1978, p. 8. 

Grim, B. S. J. W. Barry "A canopy penetration model for aerially disseminated Insecticide spray released above coniferous forests." Final Report MEDC Project No. 2425, USDA Forest Service Equipment Development Center, Missoula, MT, 1975. 

Atmospheric vapor. Vapor results from pesticide volatilization during spray release, vaporization from leaf deposits, and, over a longer time period, desorption from the soil and litter of the forest floor. Several reviews of this subject appear elsewhere in this Symposium volume. 

As stated previously, moderately and highly acetylated lecithins exhibit heat-resistant properties that are very desirable to have in many release agent applications (173). A natural crude lecithin is subject to thermally induced reactions that are responsible for the darkening and formation of insolubles that occur after prolonged heating. There are several viscosity grades of heat-resistant lecithins available, and lecithin viscosity varies with temperature. Low-viscosity lecithins can be easily sprayed without dilution, or prepared as part of a spray release system. 

Chocolate, margarine Baked goods, cheese products, confections, dairy products, dietetic and infant foods, margarine and shortenings, meats and poultry processing and coatings Oil-based aerosol spray release applications... 

Distances recommended in the NAERG were developed to assist responders at the scene of traditional hazardous materials incidents. It is important to realize that these distances were not developed to account for additional dispersal from an explosive device or from a spray release. In these cases, the initial isolation and downwind evacuation distances should begin at the edge of any liquid or solid contaminahon caused by the dispersal device. Figure 3.2 illustrates an irregular release downwind hazard assessment. 

Mold release Hydrocarbon waxes fatty amides or aoids or low-moiecuiar-weight esters (GMS) Easy part release Reduced scrap Elimination of external spray-release agent Excessive part-surface accumulation and contamination May not provide any melt lubrication effect... 

As stated previously, these operations take a long time, are expensive and are typically executed manually and it is impossible to have a fully automated line without getting rid of them. To create a fully automated line, both the need to manually clean the mould and the need to spray release agents on it had to be eliminated. 

Uses Release agent, wetting agent for foods for spray release applies., oil-based aerosol spray release systems Features Bland, sprayable food grade Regulatory FDA 21CFR 184.1400 kosher... 

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