Specialty papers

Silicone base papers are used as carrier papers for the later application of a onesided or two-sided layer of silicone, onto which, in the following operations, further layers, e.g. adhesive in combination with label paper, are applied. Silicone base papers presuppose special quality features. These include, above all, high compaction, uniform caliper and moisture, high transparency, strength, good flatness and a low surface roughness which ensures that the later application rates of the cost-intensive silicone are minimized. The basis weight of the silicone base paper is between 60 and 160 g m . As in the past, these papers are calendered offline on special supercalenders with at least 15 rolls. The resilient rolls consist of a 

Coated board grades range from one- to five-ply boards and can consist of virgin fibers and/or recycled fibers. The most important properties are high bulk, stiffness and smoothness. The board is usually one-side coated. In some cases, however, it can also be two-sided. 

Traditionally, calendering has been performed with Yankee cyhnders or soft calenders. In view of the bulk saving, this classical technology is increasingly being replaced by extended nip calendering - see Section 6.9.3.5. 

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A cross-sectional view of hemp fiber is shown in Figure 3b. It has a Z twist in contrast to the S twist of flax. Hemp is regarded as a substitute for flax in yam and twine. Its eadier use in ropes has been replaced by leaf and synthetic fibers. Hemp fiber is used in Japan, China, CIS, and Italy to make specialty papers, including cigarette paper, but bleaching is difficult. The fiber is coarser and has less flexibiUty than flax. 

A rationalization of the complex behavior of pectins in solutions and gels with respect to their stmcture, solvation, and the presence of ions and other saccharides has been presented (123). The solution and sorption properties of gum tragacanth and the pectin isolated from the roots of Hibiscus mani/)ot F (Tororoaoi) contributes to their use in specialty paper manufacture (124—126). 

Miscellaneous converted paper products. These establishments produce a range of paper, paperboard, and plastic products with purchased material. Common products include paper and plastic film packaging, specialty paper, paper and plastic bags, manila folders, tissue products, envelopes, stationery, and other products. 

Production of pulp from textiles (e.g., rags), cotton linters, flax, hemp, tobacco, and abaca to make cigarette wrap papers and other specialty paper products... 

Fine and Specialty Papers Paper products in this category include writing or business and technical paper. 

Anionic starches are obtained by reaction with phosphoric acid and alkali metal phosphates or by derivatization with carboxymethyl groups.30,31 This modification is primarily used to introduce amphoteric properties into cationic com starch for application on the wet end of the paper machine. Anionic starches with carboxymethyl substitution are used as thickeners in coating colors or as binders in coatings for specialty paper grades. Oxidized starches are inherently anionic but without thickening action. Potato starch already carries sufficient natural anionic charge to provide amphoteric properties after cationization.32... 

An oil soluble surfactant, can be used as a co-emulsifier and lubricant in self-emulsifiable textile and industrial oils, as a mold release agent, and as a viscosity control agent. EMEREST 2622 is also used in specialty paper coatings. 

Use Electrical equipment, vacuum tubes, incandescent lamps, dusting agent, lubricant, windows in high-temperature equipment, filler in exterior paints, cosmetics, glass and ceramic flux, roofing, rubber, mold-release agent, specialty paper for insulation and filtration, wallpaper and wallboard joint cement, oil-well drilling muds. 

By this means peripheral, color-inducing functionalities are oxidized and decolorized over a bleaching period of 2-3 hr while the bulk of the lignin macromolecules remain intact (insoluble). Thus a brightness improvement of 8-10 points is possible while the yield loss is kept low. Unfortunately peroxide-based bleaching systems tend to be expensive relative to other alternatives for groundwoods, and hence this method is focused on pulps destined for tissue papers, paper napkins, and some specialty papers, rather than for newsprint applications. However, the increased resistance to color reversion of peroxide-bleached pulps tends to offset the increased cost of this step. 

Aquafilm. [CNC Int l.] Fluorocarbon water and greaseproofing for specialty paper and nonwovens. 

In specialty paper and tissue production, online measuring technique has often not been used in closed-loop control in the past because of many grade changes and complex process chemistry. Small production volumes and slow running machines were not supporting acceptable payback calculations for investments in measuring technology. 

A more recent application for silicas is in the specialty papers used for inkjet printing. Silica gels and precipitated silicas offer superior absorption of water-based inks, which allows for high resolution printing. Silica may be also found in high-quality direct thermal papers because of its superior insulation and absorption properties. 

Fiber, straw A fibrous, cellulosic component of certain plants (wheat, rice, etc.). Its fibers are 1 to 1.5 mm long, similar to those of hardwoods. Straw can be used as filler in plastics. Its main use is preparing a pulp by the alkaline process to yield specialty papers of high quality. Use of straw for conventional papermaking in USA is of limited importance due to the abundance of pulpwood. 

Because of its toughness, nylon fiber is suitable for nonwoven needle-punched floorcovering products. Nylon nonwoven fiber can be found in garment interlinings and wipes for its strength and resilience. It is also used Ni/H and Ni/Cd batteries as nonwoven separators in high performance wipes, synthetic suede, heat insulators, battery separators, and specialty papers and in automotive products, athletic wear, and conveyor belts. 

Uses Surf, treatment for paper for use at size press or film press to improve sizing and printability of paper and board, esp. office stationeiy, coating base, offset printing paper, specialty papers, food-contact paper (dry food) improves holdout of aq. coatings arid inks Features Compat. with anionics, nonionics Regulatory FDA 21 CFR 176.180 BgW compliant Properties Colorless, si. turbid sol n. si. ammonia odor misc. with water in all proportions vise. 100 mPa-S pH 9.0 anionic 14% act. 

CAS 9005-25-8 EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses Vise, stabilizer, water retention aid, binder for specialty paper coatings, size press... 

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