Pectin isolation

A rationalization of the complex behavior of pectins in solutions and gels with respect to their stmcture, solvation, and the presence of ions and other saccharides has been presented (123). The solution and sorption properties of gum tragacanth and the pectin isolated from the roots of Hibiscus mani/)ot F (Tororoaoi) contributes to their use in specialty paper manufacture (124—126). 

Pharmacological activity of pectins isolated from plants containing... 

Schols HA, Posthumus MA, Voragen AGJ (1990b) Structural features of hairy regions of pectins isolated from apple juice produced by the liquefaction process. Carbohydr Res 206 117-129... 

Figure I. Pectins isolated from contents of of ileum, caecum and colon as well as from from faeces of a germfree rat (DE 92.6%).

Figure 2. Pectins isolated from faeces of germfree rats (collecting period I).

Figure 3. High molecular and partially degraded pectins isolated from faeces of some conventional rats (collecting period II)...

Characteristics of fraction I. The carbohydrate content of Fraction I was 84.4 %, in which the main component is D-galacturonic acid (71 %). Consequently, the polysaccharide is of a pectic type. The neutral sugars accounted for 13.4 % and according to their qualitative composition (Table 2) they correspond to the composition of pectin, isolated from sunflower heads (18). It is worth noting the high content of L-arabinose and D-galactose, compared with the other monosaccharides. The protein content was 7.8 %. 

The results from structural studies on pectins isolated from a number of different plant sources have been reported in several papers and review articles (10,22-28). Chemical investigations of tobacco pectin (15,29-31) have demonstrated that its structure is consistent with the basic structural elements found in pectins from other sources. 

The pectin of commerce is the acid or enzyme hydrolyzate of protopectin—the insoluble parent polymer residing in the cell walls of higher plants, primarily apples and citrus fruits. The pectin is isolated by entrainment in polymeric aluminum hydroxide produced in situ by neutralization of an acidic aluminum salt in solution. The pectin isolate is freed of Al(III) by washing and dialysis in an acidified ethanol-water solvent. Advanced demethylation of extracted pectin with alkali or enzymes yields a series of low DE pectins. 

Pharmacological Activity of Pectins Isolated from Plants... 

Constit. of opium poppy pectin. Isol. from the partial hydroysate of Plantasan, the seed mucilage of Plantago major. 

Industrial wastes have been evaluated outside the food industry. In 2013, pectin from sisal Agave sisaiana) waste [85] was extracted. Sisal is widely used for the production of hard fibers. Through an aqueous extraction, yields were obtained in the range of 4.61% to 19.2%, these values are above some other noncommercial sources of pectin as sunflower heads, banana peel, and mango peel. Pectin isolated had a 50% DE. The environment-friendly extraction method and the quite acceptable yield values provide an option to consider for handling and utilization of sisal wastes. 

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