Sorbitol solution preparation

Orally administered suspensions containing a wide class of active ingredients (e.g., antibiotics, antacids, radiopaque agents) are of major commercial importance. The solids content of an oral suspension may vary considerably. For example, antibiotic preparations may contain 125-500 mg solid drug per 5 mL or a teaspoonful dose, while a drop concentrate may provide the same amount of drug in only 1-2 mL. Antacid or radiopaque suspensions also contain relatively high amounts of suspended material for oral administration. The suspending vehicle can, for example, be a syrup, sorbitol solution, or gum-thickened water with added... 

How many milliliters of a 64% (w/w) sorbitol solution having a specific gravity 1.26, should be used in preparing a liter of a 10% (w/v) solution ... 

The sorbitol solution produced from hydrogenation is purified in two steps [4]. The first involves passing the solution through an ion-exchange resin bed to remove gluconate and other ions. In the second step, the solution is treated with activated carbon to remove trace organic impurities. The commercial 70% sorbitol solution is obtained by evaporation of the water under vacuum. The solid is prepared by dehydration until a water-free melt is obtained which is cooled and seeded. The crystals are removed continuously from the surface (melt crystallization). The solid is sold as flakes, granules, pellet, and powder forms in a variety of particle size distributions. 

Sorbitol solution is prepared by dissolving the following materials in water and then autoclaved 1 M Sorbitol, 10 mM EDTA. 

The stability of norfloxacin in suspensions prepared from two brands of film-coated tablets has been studied (12). The vehicle consisted of tragacanth, saccharin sodium, sorbitol solution, glycerol, parabens concentrate, peppermint spirit, purified water, and sjrup USP, yielding a final concentration of norfloxacin of 20 mg/ml. The resulting suspensions were chemically stable for 28 days when stored in amber glass bottles at room temperature. 

For the preparation of the hydrophilic cream base the excipients have to be divided into hydrophilic and lipophilic ones, forming the aqueous and lipophilic phase respectively. The aqueous phase consists of water, often sorbitol solution 70 %, glycerol 85 %, propylene glycol or sorbic acid and other dissolved substances as far as they are not volatile or degrade while being warmed. The lipophilic phase consists of fats, fatty oils, surfactant(s) and oil-soluble substances. The two phases are warmed separately to about 70-80 °C. The aqueous phase is added to the lipophilic phase, usually in one time or sometimes in portions. The mixture is stirred immediately after the addition and continued until the structure of the cream is built. Then stirring can be slowed down to prevent too much air being included in the cream. The evaporated water has to be compensated for. 

Pharmaceutical suspensions are dispersions of solid particles of an insoluble or sparingly soluble drug in a liquid vehicle, usually water [33, 34]. Several examples of pharmaceutical suspensions are used Oral Suspensions, antibiotic preparations, antiacid and clay suspensions, radioopaque suspensions, barium sulphate suspensions. The vehicle is syrup, sorbitol solution or gum thickener with added artificial sweetener. Topical suspensions (externally applied shake lotion ) such as calamine lotion USP are also formulated as suspensions. Several dermatological preparations are also used in pharmacy. 

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate 15-60 g in 20% sorbitol suspension enterally. As an enema, prepare 50 g in 70% sorbitol plus 100 mL tap water. This solution should be retained for 30-60 min... 

Glucose hydrogenation to sorbitol was carried out on 40 wt% aqueous solution at 100°C, under 80 bar H2-pressure, in the presence of Ru/ACC catalysts prepared by cationic exchange and anionic impregnation. The hydrogenation of 10 wt% aqueous glucosone solution was conducted at 80°C under 80 bar H2-pressure on 2.5 wt%Pd/ACC catalyst in the presence of small amounts of NaHC03 added to increase the pH of reaction medium. Reaction kinetics was followed by HPLC and GC analysis of the reaction medium at different time intervals. 

Standard preparation make a solution of USP sorbitol reference standard having a known concentration of approximately 4.8 mg/mL. 

Lindvall and Anderson (90) prepared an ill-defined complex by adding an aqueous solution of ferric chloride in small increments to a solution containing sorbitol, citric acid, and the dextran held at 60°. The pH of the solution was adjusted to approximately 7.5 after the addition of each aliquot of the iron. The resulting iron complex can be precipitated with... 

Add solution from step above and sorbitol to the preparation from step 1. Mix for 3 hours and let stand overnight. 

Lactitol is a disaccharide sugar alcohol prepared by reduction of the glucose residue to a sorbitol group. It is prepared by hydrogenation of a lactose solution hydrogenation at 100°C for 6 hr and 8825 kPa with a Raney nickel catalyst produces lactitol in nearly quantitative yield (van Velthuijsen 1979 Linko et al. 1980). Hydrogenation of lactose with sodium or calcium amalgam catalysts and reduction with sodium borohydride (Scholnick et al 1975) have also been successful. 

Standard Preparation Dissolve accurately weighed quantities of USP Maltitol Reference Standard and USP Sorbitol Reference Standard in water, and dilute quantitatively with water to obtain a solution having a known concentration of about 10.0 mg/g and 1.6 mg/g, respectively. 

Procedure Separately inject equal volumes, about 10 pL each, of the Assay Preparation and the Standard Solution into the chromatograph, and measure the responses for the major peaks. The relative retention times are about 0.6 for mannitol and 1.0 for Sorbitol. Calculate the percentage of C6H1406, on the anhydrous basis, in the sample taken by the formula... 

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