Soil organic matter decomposition

Cheng W. and Johnson D. W. (1998) Elevated CO2, rhizosphere processes, and soil organic matter decomposition. Plant Soil 2(2), 167-174. 

Kirschbaum M. U. F. (1995) The temperature-dependence of soil organic-matter decomposition, and the effect of global warming on soil organic-C storage. Soil Biol. Biochem. 27(6), 753-760. 

Happen J. D. and Chanton J. P. (1993) Carbon remineralization in a North Florida swamp forest effects of water level on the pathways and rates of soil organic matter decomposition. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 7, 475 -490. 

In wetland soils, organic matter decomposition is frequently limited by electron acceptor availability, rather than carbon availability as in upland ecosystems. The concentration and type of electron acceptors available in soils determine the types of microbial communities involved and the rate of decomposition process. Much of the detrital matter produced in wetlands is deposited on the soil surface. It is unlikely that there is enough oxygen in this matrix to decompose this material. Therefore, the decomposition of detrital matter is also dependent on the activity of anaerobic microorganisms using alternate electron acceptors. Similarly, the rate of organic matter decomposition in soils is dependent on the availability of electron acceptors (see for discussion in Chapters 3 and 4). 

Selected Biogeochemical Properties Related to Soil Organic Matter Decomposition in Wetland Soils Incubated under Various Redox Conditions... 

FIGURE 5.60 Seasonal variation in the soil organic matter decomposition in a Central Florida wetland. (Reddy and Fisher, Unpnhlished Results, University of Florida.)... 

Several authors have applied in situ pulse labeling of plants (grasses and crops) with C-CO2 under field conditions with the objective of quantifying the gross annual fluxes of carbon (net assimilation, shoot and root turnover, and decomposition) in production grasslands and so assess the net input of carbon (total input minus root respiration minus microbial respiration on the basis of rhizodeposition and soil organic matter) and carbon fixation in soil under ambient climatic conditions in the field. 

An increase in the supply of fertilizer N can, in turn, result in an increase or decrease in below-ground C production, depending on the experimental conditions and plant species used. At high N rates, the decomposition of native. soil organic matter seemed lowered (conserving effect), as reflected by the decrease in the rate of respiration of unlabeled soil-C, both in crop (90) and forest soils (108,109). 

D. A. Wedin, L. L. Tieszen, B. Dewey, and J. Pastor, Carbon isotope dynamics during grass decomposition and soil organic matter formation. Ecology 76 1383 (1995). 

W. Cheng, Measurement of rhizosphere respiration and organic matter decomposition using natural C, Plant Soil /84 263 (1996). 

Soil minerals play a stabilizing role in organic matter. The Al and Fe that complex and stabilize organic matter against microbial decomposition are released from soil minerals during soil formation. The supply rates apparently control the content of soil organic matter to a great extent. This is demonstrated by the relationship between pyrophosphate-extractable C and pyrophosphate-extractable Al plus Fe (Wada 1995). 

Golchin A, Baldock JA, Oades JM (1998) A model linking organic matter decomposition, chemistry, and aggregate dynamics. In Lai R, Kimble JM, Follett RF, Stewart BA (eds). Soil processes and the carbon cycle. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 245-266... 

The distribution of SOC with depth is attributed mainly to continuous input and decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM), and correlates directly with soil development and SOM turnover (Chen et al. 2005). Regional, continental or global models are useful to understand SOM dynamics according to land use changes and management practices (Cole et al. 

Chen QQ, Sun YM, Shen CD, Peng SL, Yi WX, Li ZA, Jiang MT (2002b) Organic matter turnover rates and CO2 flux from organic matter decomposition of mountain soil profiles in the subtropical area, south China. Catena 49 217-229... 

Schweizer M, Fear J, Cadish G (1999) Isotopic (13C) fractionation during plant residue decomposition and its implications for soil organic matter studies. Rapid Commun Mass Sp 13 1284-1290... 

UNFCCC (1997) Kyoto protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change. Document FCCC/CP/1997/7/ Add 1, http //www.unfccc.de Van Cleve K, Powers RF (1995) Soil carbon, soil formation, and ecosystem development. In McFee WW, Kelly JM (eds) Carbon forms and functions in forest soils. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, pp 155-200 Wedin TA, Tieszen LL, Dewey B, Pastor J (1995) Carbon isotope dynamics during grass decomposition and soil organic matter formation. Ecology 76 1383-1392... 

Kuzyakov Y, Cheng W (2001) Photosynthesis controls of rhizosphere respiration and organic matter decomposition. Soil Biol Biochem 33 1915-1925 Kuzyakov Y, Domanski G (2000) Carbon inputs by plants into the soil. Rev J Plant Nutr Soil Sci 163 421—431... 

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