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Soil discrimination, forensic

Soils can have characteristics due to human activity (anthropogenic soils). The forensic examination of soil is therefore not only concerned with the analysis of naturally occurring rocks, minerals, plant, and animal matter it also includes the detection of such manufactured materials as ions from synthetic fertilizers and from different environments (e.g., nitrate, phosphate, sulfate) and environmental artifacts (e.g., lead or objects such as glass, paint chips, asphalt, brick fragments, and cinders). Each of these materials can represent distinct soil characteristics. When unique particles are found in soil evidence, more precise and rapid discrimination can be achieved even if the amount of evidence recovered is microscopic (Sugita and Marumo 2004). For this reason, microscopy is often considered the most useful technique for the detection of such characteristic particles. [Pg.276]

Chaperlin, K. (1981). Lead content and soil discrimination in forensic science. Forensic Sci. Int. 18, 79-84. [Pg.308]

Hiraoka, Y. (1994). A Possible approach to soil discrimination using x-ray fluorescence analysis. /. Forensic Sci. 39, 1381-1392. [Pg.310]

Marumo, Y. and Yanai, H. (1986). Morphological analysis of opal phytoliths for soil discrimination in forensic-science investigation. J. Forensic Sci. 31,1039-1049. [Pg.312]

A major problem in forensic soil examination is the limitation in the discrimination power of the standard and nonstandard procedures and methods. [Pg.4]

The lead contents of 206 soil samples determined by AAS indicated that such determination provides a useful parameter for soil comparison and discrimination in forensic science (Chaperlin 1981). Soil investigations near a former smelter in Colorado revealed that historic use of arsenical pesticides has contributed significantly to anthropogenic background concentrations of arsenic on certain residential properties. A variety of forensic techniques including spatial analysis, arsenic speciation and calculation of metal ratios were successful in the separation of smelter impacts from pesticide impacts (Folkes, Kuehster, and Litle 2001). [Pg.283]

The use of a direct combined (or polyphasic) approach can create highly specific soil fingerprints from normal constituents. This, in addition to the application of appropriate statistical analysis, would make soil analysis a more effective tool for routine forensic work, thus considerably extending its applicability. Indeed, combinations of different data each with its own discriminatory potential may result in probabilities of association or disassociation that even surpass those of techniques such as human DNA. Initial work using a canonical variate analysis has shown discrimination between soil types can be improved by including more analytical data. Figure 11.11 illustrates... [Pg.303]

Cengiz, S. (2005). Reply to letter to the editor SEM-EDS analysis and discrimination of forensic soil. Forensic Sci. Int. 155, 225. [Pg.308]

Nakayama, M., Fujita, Y., Kanbara, K., Nakayama, N., Mitsuo, N., Matsumoto, H., et al. (1992). Forensic chemical study on soil 1 Discrimination of area by pyrolysis products of soil. Jpn. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 38, 38-44. [Pg.312]

Moreno, L., Mills, D., Entry, J., et al.. Microbial metagenome profiling using amplicon length heterogeneity-polymerase chain reaction proves more effective than elemental analysis in discriminating soil specimens, J Forensic Sci, 51, 2006. [Pg.783]


See other pages where Soil discrimination, forensic is mentioned: [Pg.5]    [Pg.25]    [Pg.295]    [Pg.314]    [Pg.779]    [Pg.21]    [Pg.274]    [Pg.275]    [Pg.276]    [Pg.283]    [Pg.284]    [Pg.291]    [Pg.292]    [Pg.301]    [Pg.304]    [Pg.308]    [Pg.308]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.3 ]




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