Soil, anthropogenic

Stratospheric distribution of NjO Atmospheric accumulation of NjO (0.25% yr ) Natural emissions (largely from tropical soils) Anthropogenic emissions cultivated soils (-h industry and combustion) 40 8.0 (. 1 sources... 

Evolution of properties and composition in the geological medium is first of all change in properties and composition of ground water as a result of their reaction to the action of external factors. Cosmic, climatic, hydro-logical, biology-soil, anthropogenic and other factors disrupt both energy and material equilibrium of the medium, and the medium s resistance to this action and tendency to restore the equihbrium are the substance of spontaneous processes subordinated only to the laws of thermodynamics, physics and chemistry. 

Being volatile substances, all solvents inevitably evaporate and pass as harmful substances into the atmosphere [14.117]-[14.120]. They may also affect waterways, lakes, rivers, ground water, and soil. Anthropogenic organic emissions total ca. 12 million ij-d in the EC of this, 30% stems from the use of solvents and 45% from the transport and traffic sector (Corinair Study 1990, Inventaire europeen des emissions). 

The places from which pollutants emanate are called sources. There are natural as well as anthropogenic sources of the permanent gases considered to be pollutants. These include plant and animal respiration and the decay of what was once living matter. Volcanoes and naturally caused forest fires are other natural sources. The places to which pollutants disappear from the air are called sinks. Sinks include the soil, vegetation, structures, and water bodies, particularly the oceans. The mechanisms whereby pollutants... 

Acidification the decrease of acid neutralizing capacity in water or base saturation in soil caused by natural or anthropogenic processes. 

Lucotte M, Mucci A, Hillaire-Marcel C, Pichet P, Grondin A. 1995. Anthropogenic mercury enrichment in remote lakes of northern Quebec (Canada). Water Air Soil Pollut 80 467-476. 

Because the nitrification and denitrification processes both form N2O as a by-product, control of anthropogenic N inputs to the soil in the form of synthetic fertilizers or manure would affect the amount of N2O produced... 

Sanchez AL, Horrill AD, Howard BJ, et al. 1998. Anthropogenic radionuclides in tide-washed pastures bordering the Irish Sea coast of England and Wales. Water Air Soil Pollut 106 403-424. 

Releases into the environment may be natural or anthropogenic. Bacterial or mineral action may constitute worldwide generation sources that function independently of any human activity. If pollutant impacts are to be evaluated, both these sources and natural sinks, such as the oceans, soil... 

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