Soft tissue lesion

The BCL-2 (B-cell lymphoma-2) proteins are anti-apoptotic polypeptides that are differentially expressed in some soft tissue lesions. Those that commonly label immunohistologically include solitary fibrous tumor, spindle-cell lipoma, Kaposi s sarcoma, and monophasic... 

Fetsch JF, Miettinen M. Sclerosing perineurioma a clinicopath-ologic study of 19 cases of a distinctive soft tissue lesion with a predilection for the fingers and palms of young adults. Am J Surg Pathol. 1997 21 1433-1442. 

Wakely Jr P. Epithelioid/granular soft tissue lesions correlation of cytopathology and histopathology. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2000 4 316-328. 

Peritoneal implants appear as solitary, or more often as multiple soft tissues lesions (Fig. 10.5), which display a wide range of size and patterns. Implants may be distributed along the peritoneal surfaces in a linear and often linear and nodular pattern (Fig. 10.6) they may also coalesce and surround the viscera or the diaphragm in a plaque- or coatlike manner. The majority of these implants enhance with contrast media some are cystlike and may mimic loculated fluid. Implants from serous tumors may have calciflcations (Fig. 10.7). 

The omentum accounts for the most common sites of peritoneal metastases, with the inframesocolic omentum more often involved than the supramesocolic omentum. Most common types of omental implants include a net-like pattern,nodules of various sizes, and broad, bandlike soft-tissue lesions, an omental cake (Fig. 10.8). Nodular enhancing implants and omental cake are typically located between the abdominal wall and bowel loops. 

Besides the issue of differentiation and classification, the ambiguity of CT numbers hampers the reliability of quantitative measurements. Even for the seemingly straightforward quantification of iodine concentration, the accuracy of measured values is limited by the presence of other tissue types. For example, when determining the amount of iodine enhancement of a soft tissue lesion with use of a region of interest in that lesion measurement, the measured mean CT number will reflect not only the enhancement due to iodine, but also the... 

Peritoneal spread. Peritoneal seeding is caused by distribution of tumor cells into the normal peritoneal fluid. Peritoneal metastases are usually nodular soft tissue lesions or plaque-like thickening of the parietal or visceral peritoneum. They usually show moderate enhancement. Diagnosing small peritoneal implants can be difficult, with very low detection rates for CT (Coak-... 

Based on previous reports of antiinflammatory activity, a 1989 double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study evaluated the effect of dried leaves (70-86 mg) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Over the 6-week trial, 41 female patients with symptomatic rheumatoid arthritis received feverfew or placebo. More than 13 laboratory and/ or clinical parameters were assessed. The authors concluded that there were no important differences between the control group and those receiving feverfew. Participating patients, however, had not previously responded to conventional therapies. The results do not preclude possible benefits for the use of feverfew in osteoarthritis and soft tissue lesions. Later in vivo studies showed that both feverfew extract and parthenolide possessed antiinflammatory and antinociceptive activities in mice and rats and that such activities were dose dependent. The extract, parthenolide, and some of the constituent flavonoids were also shown to inhibit the arachidonic acid pathways in leukocytes. Another possible mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effect of feverfew is the inhibition of the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). ... 

Hiinerbein M, Raschke M, Khodadayan C et al (2001) Three-dimensional ultrasonography of bone and soft-tissue lesions. Eur J Ultrasound 13 17-23 Itoh A, Ueno E, Tohno E et al (2006) Breast disease clinical application of US elastography for diagnosis. Radiology 239 341-350... 

Promoting an Optimal Response to Therapy The glucocorticoids may be administered orally, IM, SC, IV, topically, or as an inhalant. The primary health care provider may also inject the drag into a joint (intra-articular), a lesion (intralesional), soft tissue, or bursa The dosage of the drug is individualized and based on the severity of the condition and the patient s response. 

Radiographs of affected joints may have characteristic appearances of gout, including cystic changes, punched-out lytic lesions with overhanging bony edges, and soft-tissue calcified masses. These signs may appear in other arthropathies as well. 

F. Kallel, R. J. Stafford, R. E. Price, R. Righetti, J. Ophir and J. D. Hazle, The feasibility of elastographic visualization of HIFU-induced thermal lesions in soft tissues. Image-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound, Ultrasound Med. Biol., 1999, 25, 641-647. 

Gallium, like mercury, is liquid at room temperature, but unlike mercury is much less hazardous. Its most interesting use is as a visualization tool of soft tissues and bone lesions in radiography. Industrial applications include use in high temperature thermometers, metal alloys, and as a substitute for mercury in arc lamps. 

In a cohort of 29 patients with suspected recurrent colorectal carcinoma referred for restaging Strunk et al. [31] retrospectively compared [ F]-FDG-PET alone, CT alone, [ F]-FDG-PET and CT virtually fused with simultaneously coregistered [ F]-FDG-PET/CT scans. Detection of lesions was most sensitive with coregistered [ F]-FDG-PET/CT scans. Discrepancies were mainly found in the lung and lymph nodes, where [ F]-FDG-PET alone detected often lymph nodes and soft tissue masses where CT alone was often negative. Coregistered [ F]-FDG-PET/CT scans provided additional information in 7 of... 

The main parameters commonly used for monitoring the course of an experimental skin and soft tissue infection are the death or survival of the animal, the development and progression of the local skin lesion, and the removal of organs for determination of bacterial loads, immune response analysis, or histological evaluation. Survival curves can be constructed by monitoring the time of death of individual mice after bacterial inoculation (see Note 8). 

For parenteral administration in intensive therapy or in emergendes, the sodium phosphate ester may be given intravenously by injection or infusion, or intramuscularly by injection. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate is also used in the treatment of cerebral edema caused by malignancy. The sodium phosphate ester is given by intra-articular, intra-lesional or soft tissue injection. Dexamethasone acetate may be given by intramuscular injection in conditions where corticosteroid treatment is indicated, but a prompt response of short duration is not required. 

OH)2D3 concentrations. Low l,25-(OH)2D3 results in little to no intestinal calcium absorption for soft tissue needs. Thus, blood calcium can be low and secondary hyperparathyroidism develops. The inability to regulate renal handling of phosphate by PTH leads to phosphate-mediated repression of ionized calcium. Serious osteodystrophic lesions occur because of high PTH activity on bone resorption resulting in osteitis fibrosa and osteosclerosis. 

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