Abdominal wall

The actual time required for poly-L-lactide implants to be completely absorbed is relatively long, and depends on polymer purity, processing conditions, implant site, and physical dimensions of the implant. For instance, 50—90 mg samples of radiolabeled poly-DL-lactide implanted in the abdominal walls of rats had an absorption time of 1.5 years with metaboHsm resulting primarily from respiratory excretion (24). In contrast, pure poly-L-lactide bone plates attached to sheep femora showed mechanical deterioration, but Httie evidence of significant mass loss even after four years (25). 

Pregnant females were sacrificed by carbon dioxide anesthesia on day 21 of gestation the uterine horns were exteriorized through a midline incision in the abdominal wall, and the number and position of live, dead, and resorbed fetuses were noted. After being weighed and sexed, the fetuses were examined for external anomalies the crown-rump length was measured with a vernier caliper. Half of each litter was preserved in Bouin s solution and later examined for soft tissue anomalies (16) the other half was preserved in alcohol, cleared and stained with Alizarin red-S, and examined for skeletal abnormalities (2). 

G. C., Resorption rate, route of elimination, and ultrastructure of the implant site of polylactic acid in the abdominal wall of the rat, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 7, 155, 1973. 

The pancreas is a small retroperitoneal organ located behind the stomach on the posterior abdominal wall.1,3 The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine functions. The exact nationwide prevalence of all diseases of the pancreas has not been fully quantified however, DM, both types 1 and 2, affect nearly 21 million people in the United States alone. Some reasons for pancreas transplants include ... 

Gastrostomy tubes, where an incision is made directly through the abdominal wall, are indicated for patients who can tolerate gastric feedings but in whom long-term... 

Gastroschisis Rare congenital fissure of the abdominal wall. 

Ostomy A surgical operation whereby part of the abdominal wall is opened and part of the intestine is connected to the opening for intestinal draining (e.g., colostomy and ileostomy). 

Regurgitation A passive process without involvement of the abdominal wall and the diaphragm wherein gastric or esophageal contents move into the mouth. 

Retching A process that follows nausea and consists of diaphragm, abdominal wall, and chest wall contractions and spasmodic breathing against a closed glottis. 

During exercise or voluntary hyperventilation, expiration becomes an active process. Under these conditions, a larger volume of air must be exhaled more rapidly. Therefore, two muscle groups are recruited to facilitate this process. The most important muscles of expiration are the muscles of the abdominal wall. Contraction of these muscles pushes inward on the abdominal contents and increases abdominal pressure. As a result, the diaphragm is pushed upward more rapidly and more forcefully toward its preinspiration... 

The kidneys lie outside the peritoneal cavity in the posterior abdominal wall, one on each side of the vertebral column, slightly above the waistline. In the adult human, each kidney is approximately 11 cm long, 6 cm wide, and 3 cm thick. These organs are divided into two regions the inner renal medulla and the outer renal cortex. The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron (see Figure 19.1 and Figure 19.2). Approximately 1 million nephrons are in each kidney. The nephron has two components ... 

Abdominal wall and internal fistulas Common Absent... 

More recently, it has been demonstrated that raloxifene induces a fast regression of abdominal-wall estrogen-induced leiomyomas in guinea pigs (Porter et al. 1998). Finally, Walker et al. (2000) have confirmed that treatment with tamoxifen or with a raloxifene analog reduces the size of leiomyomas and their incidence by 40-60% in the rat. 

Pancreas A mixed exocrine and endocrine gland situated transversely across the posterior abdominal wall in the epigastric and hypochondriac regions. The endocrine portion is comprised of the Islets of Langerhans, while the exocrine portion is a compound acinar gland that secretes digestive enzymes. [NIH]... 

Blowfly maggots that infest or blow the wool of sheep are especially common in warm humid areas, but occur wherever sheep are raised. Several species are involved, but the most troublesome species in Africa is Lucilia cuprina. The flies are attracted either to open wounds or to fermenting wool, the latter a condition that arises when sheep in full fleece are subjected to frequent rains during warm weather. While Lucilia cuprina apparently confines its attack mostly to the wool and the serous fluid that exudes from the skin of infested sheep, some of the associated species may attack the skin and flesh with serious or fatal result. Lucilia sericata has been observed to penetrate the abdominal wall and enter the peritoneal cavity. 

Abdominal wall closure, drain sites, arterial lines, fascia, orthopedic uses Blood vessels, viscera, fascia Trunk, limbs, gut Neck, hands, tendons, mucosa Face, neck, blood vessels Face... 

Administer in the fatty tissue, alternating injection sites (eg, between the left and right anterolateral or the left and right posterolateral abdominal wall). 

Injection sites - Administer by subcutaneous injection in the thigh, abdominal wall, or upper arm. 

Unlike the fixed rodent specimens, the skin and subcutaneous fat are removed from the non-rodent fetuses either before (minipigs) or after (rabbits) microdissection of the abdominal and thoracic cavities. The carcass is then processed for skeletal examination. The ventral abdominal wall is carefully removed. The forelimbs are pinned back on the cork board. 

The last candidate, another hydrochloride salt, modulated a target that was widely expressed, but preferentially in smooth muscle tissue. The malformations observed in FETAX (enlarged heart not present in the control database from 2000 to 2010) and in rabbits (defects of the abdominal wall and cardiac defects) were not unexpected. Clearly, the high embryolethal-ity observed (100% from 100 mg/L) without precipitation in FETAX could have masked more pronounced dysmorphogenic effects. This severe mortality could be explained in part by the... 

Administer by deep SC inj into abdominal wall alternate inj sites... 

Prostatic carcinoma Implant 3.6 mg every 28 days or 10.8 mg ql2wk subcutaneously into upper abdominal wall. 

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