Signaling factor

Foster, L. J., de Hoog, C. L. and Mann, M. Unbiased quantitative proteomics of lipid rafts reveals high specificity for signaling factors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 5813— 5818,2003. 

Figure 21.3 Sequence of intracellubr factors that link a growth factor receptor to proliferation. Phosphorylab on is one of several means by which signalling factors communicate with transcription factors. This sequence is similar to the mechanism by which some hormones affect the biochemistry within a cell (Chapter 12). It could be entitled, A Carcinogenic Pathway.

Signal factors. They have a significant effect on the mean of the response but not on the s/n ratio. 

Selection of signal factor levels to adjust the mean response to the target nominal value, keeping variability constant. 

Since the objective is to obtain the guide value stated on the CRM certificate, i.e. 3.5, Taguchi s term "nominal is best" should be followed and we should proceed in two stages first the selection of the control factor levels in order to minimise the effect of the noise factors and second the selection of the signal factor levels in order to obtain the Sb certified value. 

Those factors not affecting the s/n ratio (B or E) but only the averages are considered as signal factors. As E is not an important factor in relation to the average response, the only signal factor is, therefore, B. Then, keeping the control factors at those levels that minimise the variability (noise), we try to modify the level of B in order to reach the objective value (3.5). 

Kumar Mitra A, Krishna M. 2004. In vivo modulation of signaling factors involved in cell survival. J Radiat Res (Tokyo) 45 491 495. 

Vandervelde S, van Luyn MJ, Tio RA, Harmsen MC. Signaling factors in stem cell-mediated repair of infarcted myocardium. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2005 39 363-376. 

Sharma, R. P., He, Q., Johnson, V. J., and Voss, K. A. (2003). Increased expression of CD95-ligand and other apoptotic signaling factors by fumonisin Bl, a hepatotoxic mycotoxin, in livers of mice lacking tumor necrosis factor alpha. Cytokine 24(5), 226-236. 

On the dyestuffs example, the Bergman-Hynen method also signals factor F as being related to dispersion. With the main effects of A and F in the location model, F has a Bergman-Hynen statistic of 3.27 (p-value = 0.001). The next strongest effects, as with the Box-Meyer method, are the ADEFinteraction, with a statistic of 2.24 (p-value = 0.017) and the CEF interaction, with a statistic of 0.45 (p-value = 0.035). 

Signal factors Exposure factors Denominator data Confounding factors, effect modifiers... 

Szebenyi G, Fallon JF. Fibroblast growth factors as multifunctional signaling factors. Internatl Rev Cytol 1999 185 45-106. 

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