Multifunctional signalling

Berridge, M. J., 2002, The endoplasmic reticulum a multifunctional signaling organelle. Cell Calcium, 32 235-49. 

Welchman RL, Gordon C, Mayer RJ. Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins as multifunctional signals. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2005 6 599-609. 

Szebenyi G, Fallon JF. Fibroblast growth factors as multifunctional signaling factors. Internatl Rev Cytol 1999 185 45-106. 

PP2A Phosphatases Multifunctional Signalling Enzymes with Complex Structure... 

Milligan, G. (1993) Mechanisms of multifunctional signalling by G-protein-linked receptors. Trends Pharmacol Sci 14 239-244. 

Herz J, Strickland DK (2001) LRP a multifunctional scavenger and signaling receptor. J Clin Invest 108 779-784... 

Check which ionization method was used and examine the general appearance of the mass spectrum. Is the molecular ion peak intensive (as with aromatic, heterocyclic, polycyclic compounds) or weak (as with aliphatic and multifunctional compounds) Are there typical impurities (solvent, grease, plasticizers) or background signals (residual air, column bleed in GC-MS) ... 

Lithium Mechanism of action uncertain suppresses inositol signaling and inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), a multifunctional protein kinase No significant antagonistic actions on autonomic nervous system receptors or specific CNS receptors no sedative effects Bipolar affective disorder-prophylactic use can prevent mood swings between mania and depression Oral absorption, renal elimination half-life 20 h. narrow therapeutic window (monitor blood levels) Toxicity Tremor, edema, hypothyroidism, renal dysfunction, dysrhythmias pregnancy category D Interactions Clearance decreased by thiazides and some NSAIDs... 

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