Serial communication

Nickalls RWD, Ramasubramanian R. Interfacing the IBM-PC to Medical Equipment the Art of Serial Communication, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1995. 

Intelligent autosampler 84100 R 5232 C serial Communications interface A B Labtam Ltd 43 Malcomb Road Braeside Victoria Australia 3195... 

Serial communications via RS-232 pons with a central computer or other penphcral devices. 

A more recent development is to employ Local Area Networks (LANs) where the LAN is a serial communication link used as a data highway in the DCCS for the integration of intelligent terminals at the higher hierarchical levels. There are two principal types of LAN applicable to DCCS, viz. ... 

SCSI (small computer system interface, pronounced skuzzy ) search engine security certificate serial communication serial port server servlet set up (verb) setup (noun)... 

System reliability and performance Server performance Network bandwidth Serial communication performance Printer performance Backup and restoration Expansion/enhancement capability Redundancy Hardware upgrade paths... 

Screen refresh Data entry response times Serial communication interfaces Network performance Data storage capacity Multiple user access File and data integrity Shared file access... 

Obviously, this port is bidirectional—data can flow both in and out with equal ease. The signal format used to exchange data serially over the six lines provided through this port is unique to Commodore. The format should not be confused with the more standard RS-232 serial communications format used by numerous peripherals RS-232 communication is handled through the user port (see below). The serial port is essentially a stripped-down version of the parallel IEEE-488 port used for most data communications in Commodore s earlier PET/CBM models. As the term serial implies, data can be transferred only one bit at a time (and in only one direction at a time, either in or out). Three of the other lines control the direction of data flow, and whether the signals on the data line are to be interpreted as data or as commands to the peripheral device. The computer s RESET line is also present at this port, which explains why the disk drive resets whenever the computer is turned on or off. 

Unfortunately, most of this flexibility goes unused since it isn t supported by the operating system. Most home computer users today are more interested in software than in tinkering with hardware projects, so this port is most frequently used for its one function supported by the operating system RS-232 serial communications. 

If parallel communications are similar to taking the interstate, then serial communications are similar to taking a country road. In serial communications, each bit of data is sent one after another (single file, if you will) down one wire, and returns on a different wire in the same cable. There are three main types of serial interfaces available today Standard serial. Universal Serial Bus (USB), and FireWire. 

RS-232-C In asynchronous transmissions, a recommended standard interface established by the Electrical Industries Association. The standard defines the specific lines, timing, and signal characteristics used between the computer and the peripheral device and uses a 25-pin or 9-pin DB connector. RS-232-C is used for serial communications between a computer and a peripheral such as a printer, modem, digitizing tablet, or mouse. 

CAN is the serial communication network used in most intelligent SAS products. Future systems such as SbW will need fault-tolerant networks (FTU), which provide the necessary safety level for those systems, that is, being predictable and deterministic. There are two major protocols in development, TTP (time triggered protocol [32]) and Flexray, supported by two different consortia of car manufacturers and system suppliers. VW/Audi, PSA, Renault, Delphi, Visteon, United Technologies, Airbus, Honeywell, AMS C C Electronics, and NEC are in the TTP consortium. DC, BMW, CM, Bosch, Philips, digital dna, Motorola, and partners are the Flexray group [30, 31]. 

The electronics needed to operate six temperature sensors on each microreactor channel are located underneath these cards. The ribbon connector, which is also visible in Fig. 12.8, is used to transfer electrical signals directly from the reactor board to the heater circuit board (described below). Serial communications for the Redwood flow manifolds is provided by two, four-conductor RJ-11 jacks on the front. The front of the board has gas inlets for the reactor feed and the purge gas. In addition, there are two gas outlets, one for each reaction channel. The inlet and outlet fittings are 1/16-inch type 316L stainless steel. The tubing assembly component having the greatest pressure sensitivity is the microreactor membrane. 

SCSI (small computer system interface) serial communication serial port server... 

Serial communication—Sending bits of information in succession along a single wire. 

Serial communication network equipment is used to couple all the microprocessor based units. Figure 7.5 shows the basic arrangement of a typical system. The number of switchboards and motor... 

Data values can be retrieved from the computer in five different ways. First, individual data items can be requested and displayed on the console unit. Second, multiple data items can be looked at by referring to the hourly and daily reports printed automatically. Third, data can be polled by a partner through an asynchronous serial communication link in an agreed format. Fourth, remote commands and data requests can be entered through a synchronous serial communication link over a microwave system. Gas control in... 

The software can snpport three types of printers. Each printer is capable of displayina identical information if necessaiy. However, the format is different for each case. The first printer has 132 characters/line the others 80 and 32. (See APPENDIX C for examples.) Printouts are supphed locally and to partners wishing to tie into an asynchronous port with their own equipment. The printouts need not be identical. That is, the information printed for our billing purposes may not be identical to others, or they just may like to see additional data points. Whatever the case may be, various files are built with the desired information and outputted using various FORMAT modules. These modules, respond to basic directive commands and are directed through a serial communication link to external egnipment. 

A recent trend in PCs is towards legacy-free systems, which ultimately will lead to a loss of internal expansion slots. Introduction of standardized, high-speed communication ports compensates this loss. Importantly, test equipment will not be restricted for use with specific hardware or operating systems (such as plug-in data-acquisition boards). The Universal Serial Bus, USB, and IEEE-1394 (FireWire) are examples of low- (1.5-12 Mb s" ) and high-speed (up to 400Mbs ), respectively, serial communication busses that are available on modern PCs [20]. These... 

Modem process control and communication technology is applied to the BWR 90 - its control and instrumentation systems are mainly based on micro-computers. Process communication with the control room is realized by means of distributed functional processors. These in turn interact, via serial communication links, with a number of object-oriented (object = process component) process interface units. Thus, the protection and control system configuration is characterized by decentralization and the use of object-oriented intelligence. The arrangement satisfies the requirements of redundancy and physical separation. It includes intelligent self-monitoring of protective circuits. 

The use of serial communication links guarantees interference-free performance and reduces cabling. Standardization of the object-oriented circuits minimizes maintenance and the necessary stock of spare parts. The arrangement will also tend to improve availability, since components can be replaced quickly and simply. 

The microcontroller theory is taught using PIC microcontroller, where students leam about the internal architecture along with I/O port progranuning, timers, serial communication, interrupt progranuning, interfacing of hardware, ADC and DACs [3]. While in the laboratory students will work on two different microcontrollers i.e. PIC microcontroller and Arduino [4]. This helps the student to understand the behavior of different miCTocontroUers, analyze results and compare their performance. 

Prior to the start of discussions on FGS, it is better to refer Fig. VII/3.1-1 for familiarization of commonly used terms in cormection with FGS. Normally people require from a unified systems comhining FGS and ESD so that there will he cost savings as well as uniform operator interface. However, many standards require that ESD (Ref Fig. VII/3.1 2) to be treated separately as an independent system with some communication maybe at the hits level, with due necessary security for access for each of these systems. For that reason in ESD and FGS have been shown in two different networks, with serial communications shown between them. However, common engineering tools may be used to reduce operational risks. Now discussions on some of the requirements pertaining to various standards will be taken up to see how FGS can be treated as SIS. 

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