Semi-drying oil

Semi-drying oil resins are similar to dryingoil resins but the films do not yellow appreciably on ageing. Oils like dehydrated castor oil, sunflower oil and soybean oil are used for high gloss white finishes. 

Martel, J. (1977) Fractional crystallisation of the triglycerides of virgin olive oil. Presence of semi-drying oils. Grasas Aceites, 28, 189-198. 

Low-odour inks for food packaging are based on odour and taint-free substances, for example, aromatic free solvents and maleic resins. So called semi-drying oils are also used. These are slow to oxidise and therefore do not develop malodorous aldehydes as they dry. However, some smell may be noticed after a long period of time as oxidation proceeds. Other solvents, such as tung oil, develop quite some odour during drying but if properly... 

Poppy (Papaver somniferium). Opium is obtained from unripe capsules and from the straw of the poppy plant. The narcotic is not present in the seed, which is much used for birdseed. It contains 40-70% of a semi-drying oil used by artists and as an edible oil. Rich in linoleic acid (72%), it also contains palmitic (10%), oleic (11%), and linolenic acids (5%) (79, 164). 

Properties Pale-yellow or yellowish-brown to dark-ruby-red or black-red, fixed, semi drying oil depending on the nature and condition of the seed. The pure oil is odorless and has a bland taste. D 0.915-0.921, iodine value 109-116, flash p 486F (252C). Soluble in ether, benzene, chloroform, and carbon disulfide slightly soluble in alcohol. Combustible. 

The resins used for the manufacture of food and beverage can lacquers may be either natural or synthetic. Resins combined with drying or semi-drying oils form a class of coatings known as oleoresinous. Other coatings for food and beverage cans are obtained using synthetic resins such as phenolics and epoxies, and acrylic, vinyl, and butadiene polymers. For a brief summary as to what type of resins are used for cans, see Table I. 

Besides food uses the original linoleic sunflower oil as well as HOSO are used in industrial applications because of their specific properties. For example, in view of the higher oxidative stability high-oleic sunflower oil is used as diesel and gasoline engine lubricant. Containing around 70% linoleic acid, sunflower oil is a semi-drying oil. Insofar as is economically feasible, sunflower oil may replace soybean oil in the manufacture of resins or carrier oils for paint and ink formulations. " ... 

Beetle BA 509 is a short-medium semi-drying oil alkyd at 50% in xylol/butanol. Beetle BE 678 is an o-butylated U/F resin at 66% in /50-butanol. Both resins are made by British Industrial Plastics Ltd. 

Key words vegetable oil, drying-non-drying and semi-drying oils, extraction process of oil, purification of oil, structure and property, oleo-chemical, application. 

From the theoretical and experimental values of the viscosity of these oils, it may be clearly understood that there is very little difference between theoretical and experimental values, the error being on average within 5%. The change in viscosity during heating the oil is not Unear, nor is the variation in viscosity with time exponential, as it is in semi-drying oil, as it is more complex and polynomial in nature. 

The main producers of safflower oil are the USA, Mexico, India, Australia and Europe. It is a semi-drying oil which dries better than soybean oil. There is no yellowing in the dried film, even under conditions of extreme exposure. Safflower oil is used successfully in house paints, especially when blended with tung oU, linseed oil or perilla oil. Raw or bodied safflower oil is the best suited to the production of non-yellowing paints. Safflower oil can replace soybean oil in polyester resin. 

The USA is the largest producer of tobacco seed oil, the second largest being India. Tobacco seed is a by-product of tobacco production and the oil is free from nicotine and other harmful substances. It is a semi-drying oil. Tobacco seed oil polymerises rapidly, is air drying and stoves faster than soybean oil, although it is inferior to linseed oil in this respect. The blown oil and stand oils of tobacco seed oil behave similarly to linseed oil. Its non-yellowing property it is similar or better than those of safflower and soybean oil. 

Rubber seed oil (RSO) is produced mainly in Nigeria, Sri Lanka and India. It is a semi-drying oil. Rubber seed is a high yield by-product of Hevea... 

Addition polymers are of great importance and are obtained from olefin monomers by sequential covalent addition, as discussed in Chapter 1. It was observed in Chapter 2 that many vegetable oils may be heated with other vinyl monomers to modify their surface coating properties. The modification of triglyceride oils by the copolymerisation of drying and semi-drying oils with vinyl monomers such as styrene, a-methylstyrene or cyclopenta-diene, is one of the oldest methods used in vegetable oil-based chemistry. The products obtained by this technique possess improved film properties and styrene has been found to be the most important monomer for this purpose. 

Phytochemistry Forty-six compounds were detected in the essential oil from the aboveground parts of Lallemantia royleana. Among them, verbenone and trans-carveo were found to be the major components of the oil (Ghannadi and Zolfaghari 2003). Plants collected in the Toshkent region contained traces of essential oils. The seeds of another related species, Lallemantia iberica, contain 27-35 % semi-drying oil. This oil is used for industrial purposes, as a food, and to produce soap (Ogolevitz 1951). 

Pyrogallol nHporajinon Semi-drying oil nonyBBicBixaiomee Macno ... 

The oil is extracted from the seed by expelling and solvent extraction. Cold pressed oil, light yellow in colour, is used for edible purposes without refining. The oil is a semi-drying oil and is also used in artists paints, in white paint in conjunction with boiled poppy seed oil and in soap after hydrogenation. Poppy seeds are used for decorating baked goods and as bird seed. 

One result of the change from the simple oil to the alkyd resin as the main paint binder is that there is more flexibility in the choice of oils. The requirement that the oil should dry within a certain time is not so essential and semi-drying oils, such as soybean oil, are often preferred because they possess other properties. 

Both drying and semi-drying oils can be used to make alkyd resins which dry by oxidation. Nondrying oils give alkyds suitable as plasticizers, particularly for nitrocellulose lacquers or stoving amino resin paints. 

Secondary oxidation products, 456 Seed extraction, 187,188,250 Segregated oils, 246 Sei whale, 137,139 Selacholeic acid, 3 Selectivity, 209,449,451 Semi-drying oils, 244 Senedesmus obliquus, 517 Serine derivatives, 277 Sesame oil, 52, 87,88, 98,101-07 Sesamin, 87, 88 Sesamol, 88 Sesamum indicum, 87 Sesamum orientale, 87 Sex attractants, 142 Sharpies process, 241 Shea nut oil, 51,88,100,104-06 Sheep milk, 116,167-69 Sheep wax, 144... 

Oil, heat-bodied n. Drying or semi-drying oil which has been heated to an elevated temperature and held at this temperature for the time required to produce a specific increase in viscosity, as distinct from oil polymerized by a process involving oxidation. 

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