Varian Saturn

All this work has been carried out without the least financial support by either LACTOZ or by the French PROGRAMME ENVIRONNEMENT. In addition, thanks to the French CNRS support, a GC/MS Saturn (Varian) could be bought. 

Chromatographic columns (glass with stopcock and solvent reservoir, 10-mm i.d.) Fused-silica capillary column, DB-1701, 60 m x 0.32-mm i.d., O.lS-qm film thickness (14% cyanopropylphenyl)methylpolysiloxane Varian 3400 gas chromatograph equipped with a temperature-programmed SPI injector, a Varian 8100 autosampler, and a Varian Saturn II lontrap mass spectrometer Centrifuge vials, 10- and 250-mL Evaporation flasks, 100- and 250-mL Separatory funnel, 250-mL... 

Chromatographic Conditions. GC/MS-MS analyses were performed on a Varian 3800 gas chromatograph (Varian Chromatography Systems, Walnut Creek, CA) equipped with a 1079 split/splitless injector and a ion trap spectrometer (Varian Saturn 2000, Varian Chromatography Systems) with a waveboard for MS-MS analysis. The system was operated by Saturn GC/MS Workstation v5.4 software. The MS-MS detection method was adapted from reference. PCBs were separated on a 25 m length x 0.32 mm i.d., CPSil-8 column coated with a 0.25-pm film. The GC oven temperature program was as follows 90 °C hold 2 min, ramp 30 °C/min to 170 °C, hold for 10 min, rate 3 °C/ min to 250 °C, rate 20 °C/min to a final temperature of 280 °C, and hold for 5 min. Helium was employed as the carrier gas, with a constant column flow of 1.0 mL/min. 

PDMS-fibers were analyzed by GC -electron capture detection using a HP 5890 series II GC. PDMS-DVB fibers were analyzed by GC/MS-MS irsing aVarian 3800 GC with ion trap (Varian Saturn 2000). 

Figure 19.3. A Varian 3400 gas chromatograph with a Tekmar 3000 purge-and-trap concentrator and a Varian Saturn 2000 mass spectrometer detector operated by Varian Saturn GC/MS Workstation Software Version 5.41 k.

LPS samples (0.5 mg) were hydrolyzed with 2 mol l-1 TFA at 100 °C for 18 h followed by reduction in dH20 with NaBH4 and subsequent acetylation with acetic acid/pyridine (1 1, v/v) at 100 °C for 1 h. The resultant alditol acetates were extracted thrice with dichloromethane, the combined organic layer concentrated to dryness and analyzed by GLC using a Hewlett-Packard chromatograph equipped with a 30 m DB-17 capillary column (190 °C (32 min), 16 °C min-1 to 270 °C (32 min)) and by GLC-MS in the electron impact mode (El) recorded using a Varian Saturn 2000 mass spectrometer. For compositional analysis of acid-labile deoxy... 

Chemical compositions of the liquid products were identified using a Varian Saturn 3 GC/mass spectrometer with a HP-1 capillary column. The GC was programmed at 40 °C for 0.5 min and then increased at 10 °C/min to 300 °C, and finally held with an isothermal for 10 min. The injector temperature was 300 °C, and the injection size was 1 pi. The flow rate of the carrier gas (helium) was 0.6 ml/min. The ion source temperature was 230 °C for the mass-selective detector. The compoimds were identified by comparison with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Mass Spectral Database. 

In 1989, Varian introduced Saturn-I , an OEM version of the ITS-40. It is the ITS-40, Satum-I, and successive generations of these prodncts, that have made ion trap mass spectrometry such a powerful technique that can be employed rontinely with GC/MS instruments. In 1994, Varian introdnced the Satnm 4D gas chroma-tography/tandem mass spectrometry-(GC/MS/MS)-ion trap mass spectrometer that was the first practical and commercial GC/MS/MS ion trap instrument. Today, GC/ MS/MS ion trap instruments are used routinely in the environmental field, as well... 

MIMS results were compared to those obtained by USEPA Method 8260B based on P T/GC/MS. A Tekmar Velocity XPT Purge and Trap (Teledyne Tekmar, Mason, OH, USA) coupled to a Varian Star 3400X Saturn 2000 GC/MS (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA) was used under the following conditions ... 

Fig. 6.1 shows the mass spectrum of acetonitrile prepared as a Cl reagent with the Varian Saturn 2000 ion trap mass spectrometer (Varian, Walnut Creek, CA). Instrument parameters used are those provided in the literature (4). Ions are formed at miz 40, 41, 42, and 54. The ion at miz 40 is formed by hydride loss, miz 41 results from the loss of one electron, and mlzA2 is protonated acetonitrile. The miz 54 ion results from the addition of neutral acetonitrile with the miz 40 ion which subsequendy loses hydrogen cyanide to form l-(methyleneimino)-l-ethenylium (MIE) (7). 

For this analysis, splitless injections (1 jlL) were performed on a Varian Star 3400CX (Varian, Walnut Creek, CA) gas chromatograph (GC) with helium carrier gas. CLA were separated using a CP-Sil 88 capillary column (100 m x 0.25 mm x 0.2 Llm Chrompak, The Netherlands) with the injector held at 225°C while the head pressure was maintained at 35 psi. The GC program was as follows start at 80°C and hold for 2 min, ramp to 120°C at 10°C/min then ramp to 220°C at 2.5 C/min and hold for 30.8 min. All mass spectrometry was performed with a Saturn 2000 ion trap (Varian, Walnut Creek, CA). CLA FAME were analyzed with an isolation window of 3 mass to charge units and a storage level of miz 90. Excitation amplitudes used were 0.35 V with the ion trap held at 175°C. 

FIGURE 27.6 An example of in-line MIMS system used in kinetic studies. This system consists of a constant temperature and well-mixed batch reactor, a high performance hquid chromatography (HPLC) piston pump (Acuflow Series I, Lab Alliance Inc., State College, PA), a direct membrane inlet probe (MIMS Technology), and a Saturn 4D ion trap (Varian) or Hewlett-Packet 5972 quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS) (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA). The MS operated in the electron impact (El) mode. Reprinted fromNa and Olson [16] with the permission of the American Chemical Society. 

GC-MS analysis For GC-MS analysis, withdrawals were lyophilized, the residue dissolved in methanol, and directly injected into a GC-MS instrument. Analyses were carried out on Saturn 2000 apparatus (Varian) equipped with an ion trap detector. A DB5-MS-fused silica column (30 m x 0.25 bmm ID, 0.25 pm film thickness) was used. Helium was the carrier gas with a 1 mL min- flow rate. The MS detector was operated in the El mode, scanning in the range of40-640 amu. When required, the residue was treated with 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane (200 pL), anhydrous pyridine (200 pL), and chlorotrimethylsilane (50 pL). The resulting mixture was shaken vigorously for 1 min and centrifugated to separate the precipitate formed prior to injection into the chromatograph. 

The GC/MS may be obtained on the caffeine sample using a Varian 3800 GC with Saturn 2000 MS equipped with a capillary column that is 30 m long and 0.25 mm ID containing a 0.25-/x,m film of Varian GP-Sil 8CB. The injector was set at 275°G, with He gas flow at 1 mL/min. The temperature of the oven was increased from 75 to 280°G at 20°/min and held at 280°C for 1 minute. The retention time for the caffeine is about 10 minutes imder these conditions. No impurities were detected. 

Two types of SPME fibers (Supelco, Inc.) were evaluated for each analyte 100-pm polydimethyl-siloxane and 85-pm polyacrylate coatings. Samples were then analyzed directly by GC-MS (Varian Saturn IV D) or derivatized on fiber first, then analyzed by GC-MS. The on-fiber derivatization procedure is accomplished by gently coating the SPME fiber with N,0-bis(trimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) prior to GC-MS analysis. The sample matrices analyzed in this study included soil leachate (sandy loam, Oakley, CA), simulated sea water (Instant Ocean, Aquarium Systems Co., Mentor, OH), and canal water (rain runoff, Livermore, CA). The chemical signatures we selected for the proliferation of CW included dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP), 1,4-dithiane, thiodiglycol (TDG), and 2-(diisopropylamino)ethanol (DIAE). 

Over a period of years, scientists at LLNL have been developing a mass spectral data analysis code that could use the output of the various types of instruments at the laboratory. The result is the M CODE, designed for IBM PC compatible computers. The M Code will use the output from FINNEGAN, VARIAN (SATURN), and HP, (both RTE and Chemstation formats). 

Sablier et al. performed all experiments using a Varian Saturn III GC/MS research ion trap mass spectrometer with a quadmpole ion trap mass spectrometer equipped with an external thermionic ion source to generate the reagent Na+ ions [86]. Samples were admitted into the ion trap either through a variable leak valve... 

The experiments were performed on a Varian (Walnut Creek, CA) Saturn 3D bench top gas chromatograph tandem mass spectrometer equipped with a Varian 8200 autosampler. Saturn 5.2 was used for data acquisition that is compatible... 

System Ion-trap MS Varian Saturn 1 Ion-trap MS Varian Saturn 1 NaSH High-resolution MS VG Autospec Q... 

Several laboratories successfidly coupled the ESI source to a QIT mass spectrometer in the 1990s.Van Berkel, Ghsh, and McLuckey at Oak Ridge National Laboratory were the first to couple an ESI ion source to a QIT in 1990. In 1992, Mordehai and co-workers at Cornell University coupled their own ESI source to the first bench-top QIT (Saturn II , Varian Instruments, Palo Alto, CA, USA) for use in LC and CE studies. Bruker-Franzen of Germany also introduced an ESI/QIT instmment (ESQUIRE ) at that time. ThermoFisher Corporation introduced an ESI/QIT mass spectrometer (LCQ ) in 1995. In 2002, Hager at MDS Sciex described the first ESI LQIT system. ... 

SPME-MS-MVA applications reported to date have used the Varian Saturn ion trap mass spectrometer and 75- J,m Carboxen/PDMS as the SPME fiber (13,14). In one study, for example, SPME-MS-MVA was used to classify various types of food samples according to the level of oxidized off-flavors they contained (14). Mass fragmentation data resulting from the unresolved food volatile components were subjected to MVA. The mass intensities from m/z 50 to m/z 150 were selected to perform MVA. PGA based on SPME-MS-MVA provided rapid differentiation of the following types of samples control soybean oil from oxidized soybean oil that was exposed to fluorescent light for various time periods control nondairy coffee creamer from complaint ( oxidized ) nondairy coffee creamer samples fresh boiled beef from boiled beef with various levels of warmed-over flavor (WOE) and control 2% reduced-fat milk samples from 2% reduced-fat milk samples abused by light or copper exposure. 

A Varian Saturn 3 GC/MS was used. The GC was equipped with a split/splitless model 1078 injector. The injector was operated in the split mode (6 1 split ratio) at a temperature of 275°C. The SPME fiber used was 75-pm Carboxen/PDMS. For thermal desorption, the SPME fiber remained in the injector for 3 minutes. Helium was used as the carrier gas. A 30 m X 0.25 mm I.D. DB-5 fused-silica capillary column with a film thickness of 1 pm was used, and the flow rate of the helium carrier gas was 1.0 niL/minute. The following column temperature programming sequence was used An initial temperature of 150 C was maintained for 4 minutes, increased to 180 C at a rate of 15 C/minute, and held at 180°C for an additional 2 minutes. All milk volatile peaks eluted within 7 minutes, with many components coeluting. 

The Varian Saturn MS detector was used in the electton impact (El) mode with a 1-second scan time. The mass range used was m/z 50 to m/z 150. The temperature of the ion Pap manifold was 180°C. 

Analyze pre-incubated milk at dairy Q.C. lab in processing plant using SPME-MS-MVA based on the low cost Varian Saturn 2100 equipped with a Combi PAL SPME autosampler... 

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