Vaccines rubella

Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR). The second dose of MMR is recommended routinely at age 4-6 years but may be administered during any visit, provided at least 4 weeks have elapsed since the first dose and that both doses are administered beginning at or after age 12 months. Those who have not previously received the second dose should complete the schedule by the 11-12-year-old visit. 

The single-component viral vaccines are listed in Table 15.2 with notes similar to those provided with the bacterial vaccines. The only eombined viral vaeeine that is widely used is the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (MMR Vac). In a sense, however, both the inactivated (Salk) poliovaccine (PoWac (inactivated)) and the live (Sabin) poliovaccine (PolWac (oral)) are combined vaccines in that they are both mixtures of vims of each of the three serotypes of poliovims. Influenza vaeeines, too, are eombined vaccines in that many contain components fiom as many as three vims strains, usually fiom two strains of influenza A and one strain of influenza B. 

Notes Measles, mumps and rubella vaccines are generally administered in the form of a combined measles/mumps/rubella vaccine (MMR vaccine). 

Rubella Vaccine, Live Mumps Vaccine, rDNA Hepatitis B Vaccine, Oral Poliovirus Vaccine, Erythropoietin, and Factor IX etcetera. 

The live rubella vaccine available in the United States contains the RA 27/3 strain of the virus. Following a single dose of rubella vaccine after the first birthday, more than 90% of individuals will develop long-term immunity. Rarely has congenital rubella syndrome been reported in infants born to mothers with adequate rubella immunization. 

Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccines are available as single component vaccines or as combinations. Most authorities recommend use of the measles, mumps, and rubella combination vaccine and discourage use of the single- or double-component vaccines. Two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine are recommended for all individuals born after 1957. The first dose should be administered soon after the first birthday and the second prior to entering school. For high-risk adolescents and adults who do not have adequate immunity, two doses of the vaccine should be separated by a minimum of 28 days.8... 

Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine is a live virus vaccine that should be used with caution in immunosuppressed children, such as those with cancer receiving chemotherapy, solid organ or bone marrow transplantation, or receiving other immunosuppressive drugs, such as steroids in a dose... 

Varicella vaccine should be administered after 12 months of age and a second dose at 4 years of age. Adolescents and adults without evidence of immunity to varicella zoster should receive two doses of varicella vaccine given 4 to 8 weeks apart. Varicella vaccine is available as a single-component vaccine or in combination with measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. 

Table 13.6 Some traditional vaccine preparations that find medical application. In addition to being marketed individually, a number of such products are also marketed as combination vaccines. Examples include diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccines and measles, mumps and rubella vaccines...

Many of the more prominent vaccine preparations in current medical use consist of attenuated viral particles (Table 13.6). Mumps vaccines consist of live attenuated strains of Paramyxovirus parotitidis. In many world regions, it is used routinely to vaccinate children, often a part of a combined measles, mumps and rubella vaccine. 

Rubella vaccine Duck embryo tissue culture, human tissue culture... 

Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR). (Minimum age 12 months)... 

Rubella component Administer 1 dose of MMR vaccine to women whose rubella vaccination history is unreliable or who lack laboratory evidence of immunity. For women of childbearing age, regardless of birth year, routinely determine rubella immunity and oounsel women regarding congenital rubella syndrome. Women who do not have evidence of immunity should receive MMR vaccine upon completion or termination of pregnancy and before discharge from the health-care facility. 

Rubber, tellurium in, 24 427-428 Rubber, vulcanization of, 23 646 Rubbery plateau, 24 701 Rubella vaccine, 25 490-491 Rubiaceae... 

Viral vaccines are cultivated on inanimate media. Some examples include hepatitis b vaccine, influenza virus vaccine, measles virus vaccine, rabies vaccine, rubella vaccine, and yellow fever vaccine. The viral vaccines are available as lyophilized powder for reconstitution, or suspension for injections,... 

Rubella vaccines Live attenuated strain of rubella virus Active immunization against rubella (German measles)... 

Other examples include polio, mumps, and rubella vaccines. The attenuated polio vaccine can be given orally and is known to occasionally revert to an active form which does represent a slight but measurable issue with this vaccine. 

MMR measles mumps rubella MMRV measles-mumps-rubella vaccine... 

Kelso, J. M., Jones, R. T., and Yunginger, J. W. 1993. Anaphylaxis to measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine mediated by IgE to gelatin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 91(4) 867-872. 

Bennett, J.V., Fernandez de Castro, J., Valdespino-Gomez, J.L.,et al. (2002), Aerosolized measles and measles-rubella vaccines induce better measles antibody booster responses than injected vaccines Randomized trials in Mexican schoolchildren, Bull. World Health Organ., 80, 806-812. 

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