Polystyrene rubber

The rubber should not be too incompatible if good rubber-polystyrene adhesion is to be obtained. 

Dobry and Boyer-Kawenoki have investigated a number of solvent-polymer-polymer systems, with results which confirm all of the qualitative predictions of the theory. Fig. 125 shows their experimental results for the benzene-rubber-polystyrene system with coordinates expressed in weight percent. The symmetry resulting from the stipulations X2 = Xs and xi2 = Xi3 in the case treated theoretically... 

Among the aliphatic polyhydrocarbons, polyisobutylene with a molecular weight between 1000 and 30,000 was suggested for hard polymers like chlorinated rubber, polystyrene, and PVC by I.G. Farbenindustrie in 1932. 

As explained above the rubber particle size in the final product is a measure for the rate of agitation—under otherwise equal reaction conditions—within the rubber-polystyrene-styrene solution during prepolymerization. Figure 1 shows that agitation is least effective if the organic... 

Oxidative degradation can also occur in other polymers including natural rubber, polystyrene, polypropylene, nylons, polyurethanes, and most natural and naturally derived polymers. With the exception of fluo-ropolymers, most polymers are susceptible to oxidation, particularly at elevated temperature or during exposure to ultraviolet hght. Oxidation usually leads to increasing brittleness and deterioration in strength. 

We learned much from nature with these early attempts to produce useful polymer products based on modified, or reconstituted ( semisynthetic ) natural polymers, and many of these processes are still in use today. The first of the purely synthetic commercial polymers came with the small-scale introduction of Bakelite in 1907. This phenol-formaldehyde resin product was developed by Leon Baekeland. It rapidly became a commercial reality with the formation of The General Bakelite Company by Baekeland, and construction of a larger plant at Perth Amboy, New Jersey, in 1910. At about this time styrene was being combined with dienes in the early commercialization of processes to produce synthetic rubber. Polystyrene itself was not a commercial product in Germany until 1930 and in the U.S.A. in 1937. The only other purely synthetic polymers that made a commercial appearance during this early development period were polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate, both in the early 1920s. 

Ozone (Oj) plays a significant role in oxidation and degradation of several pglyg rg s h gs polyolefins, rubber, polystyrene and polyamides . Ozone may abstract hydrogen... 

BSH is used for foaming rubbers, polystyrene, epoxy resins, polyamides, PVC, polyesters, phenol-formaldehyde resins, and polyolefins. However, the thermal decomposition of BSH yields not only nitrogen but also a nontoxic residue (disulfide and thiosulfone) which may degrade to give thiophenol and thus an unpleasant odor to the foams. 

Toluene [108-88-3] is mainly used in cellulose nitrate lacquers in heat-curing paints based on urea-, melamine-, or phenol - formaldehyde resins in alkyd resin paints and in paints based on chlorinated rubber, polystyrene, polyacrylates, or poly(vinyl acetate). Mixtures of toluene with esters are used to dissolve vinyl chloride copolymers and postchlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) [14.265]. 

Dichloromethane [75-09-2] (methylene chloride) is a colorless, highly volatile, neutral liquid with a characteristic odor. It is insoluble in water but miscible with organic solvents. It has a very good solvency for many organic substances, such as fats, oils, waxes, and resins. Bitumen, rubber, chlorinated rubber, polystyrene, postchlorinated poly(vinyl chloride), vinyl chloride copolymers, polyacrylates, and cellulose esters are also soluble. The solubility spectrum can be expanded by adding other solvents. A mixture of methanol or ethanol and dichloromethane is a good solvent for cellulose ethers and acetyl cellulose. Cellulose nitrate is, however, insoluble. 

Poly(methyl methacrylate) Natural rubber Polystyrene Polystyrene... 

EPDM rubber Polystyrene Polyurethane elastomer, thermoplastic extruded pipe Polysulfone resin extruded profiles, doorframes Polyvinyl chloride, high-impact extruded profiles, fence posts Polyvinyl chloride, high-impact extruded profiles, furniture Polyvinyl chloride, high-impact extruded profiles, windows Polyvinyl chloride, high-impact extruded sheet Polysulfone resin extruded/molded goods Benzothiazyl disulfide extruding compounds Ammonium polyacrylate extrusion... 

Phenylene oxide-based resins (Noryl ) epoxy, polyisocyanate, polyvinyl butyral, nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber, polyurethane rubber, polyvinyUdene chloride, and acrylic. Polyethylene-nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, flexible epoxy, nitrile-phenolic, and water-based (emulsion) adhesives. Polystyrene for these foams (expanded polystyrene (EPS)), aromatic solvent adhesives (e.g., toluol) can cause collapse of the foam cell walls. For this reason, it is advisable to use either 100% solids adhesives or water-based adhesives based on SBR or polyvinyl acetate. Specific adhesives recommended include urea-formaldehyde, epoxy, polyester-isocyanate, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, and reclaim rubber. Polystyrene foam can be bonded satisfactorily with any of the following general adhesive types ... 

A. P. Mathews, S. Packirisamy, R. Stephen and S. Thomas. Transport of aromatic solvent through natural rubber/polystyrene, J. Membrane Sci., 2002, 201, 213. 

Mathew, A.P., Packirisamy, S., Thomas, S. Studies on the thermal stability of natural rubber/polystyrene interpenetrating polymer networks thermogravimetric analysis. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 72, 423 39 (2001)... 

Wang, Y Hu, Y Gong, X. Jiang, W. Zhang, P. Chen, Z., Preparation and Properties of Magnetorheological Elastomers Based on Silicone Rubber/ Polystyrene Blend Matrix. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2007,103, 3143-3149. 

From 1920 to 1926 Staudinger added to the hindamental article of 1920 more than 25 publications in 1922 he proposed the generic term "macromolecules" for all natural and synthetic substance of this class which together with "polymers" is now generally accepted. In the other papers, he reported ad tional evidence for the macromolecular character of rubber, polystyrene and pol5dndene. 

Polymers resistant to hydrolysis in all media include polyolefins, hydrocarbon rubbers, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and implasticized poly(vinyl chloride). Polymers sensitive to hydrolysis in both alkaline and acidic media are, eg, cellulose esters, plasticized poly(vinyl chloride), polyCmethyl methacrylate), polyacrylonitrile, polyoxymethylene, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, and polysulfones. Polymers sensitive to alkalis but not acids are imsaturated polyester resins and phenol-formaldehyde resins. 

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