Retail market

Aseptic processing systems have found wide use for packing juices and milk products for the retail market and for the bulk preservation of tomato paste and fmit sHces for use as ingredients. Further information on aseptic processing can be found in the Hterature (2). 

United States in 1998) from coal (56%), nuclear (20%), natural gas (11%), hydro (8%), oil (3%), biomass (1.5%), geothermal (0.2%), wind (0.1%), and solar (0.02%). Recently, wholesale and some retail markets have been unbundled, allowing competitors to sell electrons with the monopoly utility or municipality providing the transmission service. Open-access restructuring gives customers choices and creates a commodity market in which the lowest-cost electricity wins market share at the expense of higher-cost alternatives. 

Rader, N., and Short, W. (1998). Competitive Retail Markets Tenuous Ground for Renewable Energy. Electricity Journal 11(. )) 72—80. 

It must he produced in large quantities, over 100,000 per year and, being a domestic utility item, it should be priced low such as 3.00 at retail. Market studies indicate that it should be available in a wide range of colors. The size, quantity needed, and price suggest an IM in a TP material. A study of the cost and properties of the various plastics will show that in general the TPs will have the required properties at a lower cost than will the TSs. In addition they are more adaptable... 

According to estimates, the world retail market for organic food and beverages increased from 10 billion dollars in 1997 to 17.5 billion dollars in 2000. Expected growth rates of organic food are high (10% to 20%), particularly when compared with other food categories. 

During the last decade there was a rapid expansion in the organic sector of European agriculture (Fig. 15.1). By the end of 2002, organic farming in Europe accounted for 5.8 million hectares on 190 000 holdings. This represents 4% of European agricultural land area, with 10% or more in some countries, and an annual retail market currently valued at more than 10 billion (Lampkin, 2004). The current scale and future potential of the sector is enormous. 

Requirements, specifications and distance to retail markets. For example, retailers increasingly apply the same size and visual quality requirements to organic and conventional fruit. Under supermarket specifications, even slight deviations in size or minor skin defaults that do not negatively affect the eating quality or hygiene of the fruit are usually rejected. The often substantial effort required to achieve these mainly cosmetic quality characteristics is often considered to detract attention and resources from important nutritional and sensory-related qualities. 

The end-products of liposome technology are used in retail markets, for the diagnosis of disease, as therapeutic agents, as vaccines, and as important components in assays designed to either detect or quantify certain analytes. 

Fresh-cut fruits and vegetables are products that are partially prepared so that no additional preparation is necessary for their use (Ayala-Zavala and others 2008a). They are prepared for restaurants, fast food outlets, and retail markets. Fresh-cut is also defined as any fruit or vegetable or combination that has been trimmed, peeled, washed, and cut into 100% useable product that is then bagged or prepackaged and remains in a fresh state (Lamikanra 2002). 

Thunberg RL, Tran TT, Bennett RW, Matthews RN and Belay N. 2002. Microbial evaluation of selected fresh produce obtained at retail markets. J Food Prot 65(4) 677-682. 

This product has probably lost a lot of its market to the domestic bread machine, which offers fresh baked bulk fermented bread. The retail market for these product seems to have shrunk to speciality products such as rolls or baguettes. 

Statewide survey, 1991, retail markets Walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum 1.5 FW 77... 

They seized about 80 pounds of MDA in various stages of production. It is estimated that one ounce of MDA can be made into 14,000 dosage units, which sell on the illicit retail market for 3 each. 

One feature of many commodity chemicals is that they are essentially intermediates used in the production of a wide range of consumer products. It was once suggested that the per capita rate of production of sulphuric acid was a measure of a country s prosperity, although the consumer demand for sulphuric acid itself is almost zero. Similarly styrene, most of which is converted into polystyrene, is hardly a saleable product in the retail market. The exception, on the other hand, is the market for materials that are finally utilised as fuels many of which are distributed to the final consumer following various degrees of polishing . Even so, the greatest demand for fuels comes from the electrical supply industry which dominates the market, and not from individual consumers. 

Lopez-Sabater, E., Rodriguez-Jerez, J.J., Hernandez-Herrero, M. and Mora-Ventura, M.T. (1996). Incidence of histamine-forming bacteria and histamine content in scombroid fish species from retail markets in the Barcelona area, Int. J. Food... 

Soares, V. and Gloria, M.B.A. (1994). Histamine levels in canned fish available in the retail market of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, J. Food Comp. Anal., 1, 102. 

Whereas a reduction in production may actually increase the aggregate farm income and produce serious income distribution problems, the consequent reduction in marketable surplus would cause a significant rise in the cost to consumers, because of the inelastic consumer demand for most agricultural crops. Therefore, at the consumer level, losses based on farm prices are not appropriate and are likely to be conservative. Because of percentage markups and fixed wholesale and retail marketing costs, the cost to the consumer of agricultural losses could be twice as great as that observed at the farm level—i.e., a 300 million loss at the farm level in 1974 could represent a 600 million loss to the consumer. 

Sorenson, Alan T. 2000. Equilibrium Price Dispersion in Retail Markets for Prescription Drugs. Journal of Political Economy 108(4) 833-850. 

The market for chilled citrus juices is one of the fastest growing segments of the domestic retail market, and now is second only to FCOJ in terms of volume consumption. Since its inception in the mid-fifties, this category for processed citrus juices has... 

To reveal the extent of the adulteration problem, three national surveys were conducted by the Florida Department of Citrus from June 1979 through February 1980. The samples (FCOJ and SSOJ packed outside of Florida) were obtained from the retail market by Department of Citrus field personnel and shipped to our laboratory for analyses. In the second survey, 26 of 55 FCOJ samples tested were identified after analysis from container codes as packed in Florida—none had revealed any type of adulteration. 

The examples were packed outside Florida and obtained from the retail market. They will serve to illustrate both qualitatively and semi-quantitatively the information which may be obtained from the spectra and equations. 

The power sector can and does pass through the bulk of marginal/opportunity Correlated costs to the wholesale power markets, as expected in a competitive system, resulting in substantial profits and downstream costs where retail markets are competitive. 

Other participating sectors also have the potential to profit in similar ways, but the net impact is complicated by details of electricity retail market regulation, by international trade, and by downstream company, regional and product differentiation. 

In Britain, the retail market for organic food traces its roots to the Soil Association s Wholefood shop in London. The Wholefood shop had a butcher division, located around the corner from the main shop to protect vegetarian sensibilities. Lilian Schofield, the manager, maintained that the retail operation would not have been viable without the butcher shop. 

Interior fiat paints. The interior flat wall paints are the largest volume of trade sales paints. In the retail market, water-based latex paint has almost entirely taken over the market from their oil-based counterparts. The major advantages of latex paints over oil-based paints are (a) fast drying and less sagging (b) low odor (c) ease of cleanup (d) low VOC emission and (e) less yellowing and embrittlement. 

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