Resource depression

As pointed out by Charnov et al. (1976), foraging animals tend to depress the availability of resources through their foraging activities. Thus, effective resource distribution may depend upon the manner in which foragers search for, exploit, and depress resource units. We separate resource depression states into four major classes (i) the resource unit is removed from the foraging site coincident with its exploitation, (ii) resource remains within the sensory field but has no resource value (e.g., an already mated female), (iii) resource remains within sensory field and replenishes itself (e.g., flower produces new nectar after original supply has been extracted), and (iv) resource becomes less vulnerable to attack and/or exploitation as a result of previous use (e.g., previously damaged birch leaves Haukioja, 1980). 

Several other factors may also influence effective resource distribution. However, the aforementioned examples constitute those of primary importance to our discussion here. We wish to re-emphasize that the distribution of resource units is often very different and the availability of resources less abundant than first appears. We now turn our attention to the means by which foraging insects search for resources. 

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The importance of economic problems in depression has been shown in a study of psychotherapy for depression conducted by two researchers in Chicago.55 They found that during the first two sessions of treatment, more than 85 per cent of the depressed patients spontaneously brought up issues relating to inadequate financial resources, difficult working conditions or unemployment. They also found that the patients... 

For society as a whole, knowledge of what the data on antidepressants really say should be a clarion call. Resources need to be made available for the provision of effective alternative treatments, and the social and economic causes of depression need to be addressed and overcome. It is my hope that this book will contribute to a wider recognition of the need for these changes in public policy and attitudes. 

Treatment Effect in Randomized Clinical Trials A Meta-Analytic Evaluation, Depression and Anxiety 19 (2004) 10-19 Leo, Jonathan, Academic Freedom and Controversy over the Publication of Factually Correct, Publicly Available Information (2009) http //online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/leo statement for WSJ.htm[25/o4/2009 17 56 46]... 

My husband recognized that he couldn t leave me by myself and he recognized his limitations, so we decided to get some help. I went into a hospital a couple of times. I spent two weeks in a psychiatric unit of a hospital. I needed to separate from what was going on. I wouldn t be here today if I hadn t had some medical intervention. I m very grateful for that resource. And some good counseling has helped me to express my feelings. But I have battled depression off and on. 

Physicians outside the "hot areas" seldom recognize the s5miptoms of ciguatera poisoning. As a consequence inappropriate time, resources, diagnostic tests, and treatments are used often leaving a frustrated, seriously-depressed, sometimes emotionally-disturbed sick patient whose financial resources have been... 

Brown RG, Marsden CD Cognitive function in Parkinson s disease from description to theory. Trends Neurosci 13 21-29, 1990 Brown RG, Marsden CD Dual task performance and processing resources in normal subjects and patients with Parkinson s disease. Brain 114 215-231, 1991 Brown RP, Frances A, Kocsis JH, et al Psychotic vs. nonpsychotic depression comparison of treatment response. J Nerv Ment Dis 170 635-637, 1982 Brown SA, Irwin M, Schuckit MA Changes in anxiety among abstinent male alcoholics. J Stud Alcohol 52 55-61, 1991... 

Caged and native fish studies did not reveal apparent direct effects on fish at applications of 70 g/ha or less, but a 140 g/ha application to a small lake caused limited fish mortality in addition to severely depressing zooplankton and bottom fauna populations (48). Fish population studies in an Atlantic salmon nursery stream treated with two applications of 17.5 g/ha suggest that some brook trout and juvenile Atlantic salmon emigrated from the treated areas for several months in response to the depleted food resource (49). Growth of salmon parr remaining in the treated area slowed down for several months. Later in the season... 

Weissman and Paykel (1974) revised a previously developed questionnaire to assess the performance of individuals in different roles, called the social adjustment scale (SAS-R). These roles included (1) work, (2) housework, (3) parental role, (4) social leisure activities, (5) extended family relationships, (6) marital relationship, and (7) family unit. Functioning in the last four roles is an important indicator of interpersonal functioning. Having deep relationships outside the immediate family helps an individual to draw more social support. Furthermore, the success of relationships outside the family indicates that the person possesses competent social skills and is able to form and maintain meaningful relationships with others. Marital and familial relationships were the resources most easily accessible to the individuals. However, broken marital and familial relationships might generate stress and lead to the development of depression (Weissman, 1997). 

Europe, and the less developed countries without significant oil and gas resources. This, in turn, could result in economic depression, internal political instability and, possibly, armed conflicts (i.e., resource wars) - all of which would place an enormous financial and military burden on the United States. Certainly the U.S.S.R. and its primary trading partners, in spite of what appears to be a somewhat more favorable domestic energy resource picture, would not want a serious world crisis over energy in view of the sad history of previous world confrontations over essential raw materials. 

Mrs. A accompanied Mr. A to the next few therapy sessions, and she appeared equally depressed. In fact. Dr. P noticed that she felt sad and exhausted herself after each session with the A s. Dr. P felt that her own responses to the A s indicated that the depression was not improving. After careful assessment and attentive empathy to the A s pain. Dr. P felt that they needed additional resources. She brought up the idea of a medication evaluation. Initially, the A s were reluctant. But after discussing the idea of medication for an entire therapy session, they consented to be seen by Dr. P s colleague. Dr. R. 

Worldwide resource life projections of this kind show a similar trend from a value of 29.7 years in 1970, 25.2 years in 1978, and leveling off at 42.5 and 38.8 years in 1992 and 2000. Large-scale consumers like the U.S., Canada, and the European Union, and more recently China have consumptions that are large fractions of their reserves, which has depressed the world petroleum life projections. Conventional petroleum production rates for Canada peaked in 1973, and for the U.S. in 1970 (Fig. 17.4). 

Winner J, Allen JD, Altar CA, Spahic-Mihajlovic A (2013) Psychiatric pharmacoge-nomics predicts health resource utilization of outpatients with anxiety and depression. Transl Psychiatry 3 e242... 

The concern that offsite treatment of agent-contaminated wastes (even at low levels) may take place in economically depressed communities that call for environmental justice because they already may be disproportionately exposed to environmental hazards and in many cases lack the resources and expertise to challenge such a decision. 

Offers tips, information, resources, and a chat room about family relationships, depression, violence in the family, and substance abuse. Trained counselors are on staff and can make referrals to specialists in your area. 

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