Resources distribution

Figure 1.23 Uranium resources -Distribution in major types of deposits.

The state of water resources, distribution of freshwater supplies and the state of components of the global water balance. 

In order to examine the synchronization phenomena that can arise in larger ensembles of nephrons, we recently developed a model of a vascular-coupled nephron tree [35], focusing on the effect of the hemodynamic coupling. As explained above, the idea is here that, as one nephron reduces its arterioler diameter to lower the incoming blood flow, more blood is distributed to the other nephrons in accordance with the flow resistances in the network. An interesting aspect of this particular coupling is that the nephrons interact both via the blood flow that controls their tendency to oscillate and via the oscillations in this blood flow that control their tendency to synchronize. We refer to such a structure as a resource distribution chain, and we have shown that phenomena similar to those that we describe here... 

Price, P. W. 1992. Plant resources as the mechanistic basis for insect herbivore population dynamics. In Hunter, M.D., Ohgushi, T., Price P. W. (eds.). Effects of Resource Distribution on Animal-Plant Interactions, Academic Press, London, pp. 139-173. 

To some extent, a disciplinary divide is at work here, as probabilistic models derived from population biology and selection theory differ fundamentally from engineering models, which depend on. .. the surface area of isometric bodies, or the structure of branching networks (McNab, 2002, p. 35). This divide entails differences not only in analytic approach, but also in evaluative criteria that have both polarized the dispute and made it difficult to resolve empirically. However, my point is that these tensions do not require a forced choice between explanatory accounts, which are not intrinsically irreconcilable. Internal constraints may fix the allometric baseline, which selection may modify under certain circumstances. One of the postulates of West and co-workers model is that organisms evolve toward an optimal state in which the energy required for resource distribution is minimized (West and Brown, 2004, p. 38). Toward is the key word here, and the extent to which evolution attains any particular optimality target often reflects compromise with other selective demands physical first principles may constrain what is optimal, but do not always determine what is actual. 

WATER RESOURCES Distribution, Use and Management John R. Mather... 

Economics is the study of how men and society end up choosing, with or without money, employment of productive resources (scarce) that may have different uses to produce various commodities and distribute them for consumption, present or future, between various individuals and groups that make up society, analyzing the costs or benefits of improving patterns of resource distribution. 

Physical features of the landscape may directly or indirectly influence effective resource distribution (e.g. Passiflora plants grow on earthen mounds in disturbed... 

As pointed out by Charnov et al. (1976), foraging animals tend to depress the availability of resources through their foraging activities. Thus, effective resource distribution may depend upon the manner in which foragers search for, exploit, and depress resource units. We separate resource depression states into four major classes (i) the resource unit is removed from the foraging site coincident with its exploitation, (ii) resource remains within the sensory field but has no resource value (e.g., an already mated female), (iii) resource remains within sensory field and replenishes itself (e.g., flower produces new nectar after original supply has been extracted), and (iv) resource becomes less vulnerable to attack and/or exploitation as a result of previous use (e.g., previously damaged birch leaves Haukioja, 1980). 

Several other factors may also influence effective resource distribution. However, the aforementioned examples constitute those of primary importance to our discussion here. We wish to re-emphasize that the distribution of resource units is often very different and the availability of resources less abundant than first appears. We now turn our attention to the means by which foraging insects search for resources. 

Decisions (i) and (ii), and to some extent (iv), may be similar, but each of them considers foraging strategies at a different level of resource distribution. It is important to consider that resource patches exist at different hierarchical levels (e.g., forest, tree, limb, leaf, etc.) and that each patch level and each patch boundary can be defined by the behavior of the foraging insect. Whatever the patch level, the problem the forager faces is as follows individuals that remain too long in resource-poor areas accumulate resources at lower rates... 

For consistent planning and control, our supply chain simulation software sets up Wassermann Supply Chains for every order. These can be used to visualize, simulate, control and ensure the feasibility of all processes to be planned and controlled, including resource distribution (materials, capacity, floorspace, etc.). 

Within this framework, an assessment would be made of existing resource distribution, and the structure and dynamics of environmental systems, permitting exploitation of the inherent energy of systems (for example, prevailing wind, watercourses, gravity, and animal movement) for germ-plasm dispersal. 

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